بررسی تاثیر مشاوره مبتنی بر طراحی زندگی بر اشتغال‌پذیری ادراک‌شده دانشجویان کارشناسی: یک مطالعه ترکیبی

پژوهش های روان شناسی بالینی و مشاوره

مقاله 5، دوره 14، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 28، اسفند 1403، صفحه 107-130   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/tpccp.2025.89178.1677

نویسندگان

سپیده مقدس¹؛ پریسا نیلفروشان^{* 2}؛ احمد صادقی³

¹دکتری مشاوره، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

²دانشیار، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

³استادیار، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تاثیر مشاوره طراحی زندگی بر اشتغال‌­پذیری ادراک­‌شده دانشجویان کارشناسی انجام شد.
روش: جامعه این پژوهش کلیه دانشجویان کارشناسی دانشگاه اصفهان بودند که از بین آن­ها 3 نفر با روش نمونه‌­گیری غیراحتمالی هدفمند انتخاب شدند. طرح این پژوهش، ترکیبیِ گنجانده از نوع مدل آزمایشی بود. در این مدل اولویت با روش آزمایشی است و مجموعه داده‌­های کیفی در درون این روش­ قرار می‌­گیرند. طرح مورد استفاده در بخش کمی، طرح تجربی تک موردی از نوع A-B با پیگیری و ابزار مورد استفاده در این بخش، مقیاس اشتغال­‌پذیری ادراک‌­شده بود. جلسات مشاوره‌ پس از ترسیم خط پایه برگزار شد.
 یافته‌­ها: نتایج این پژوهش، که با بررسی شاخص‌­های تحلیل دیداری درون موقعیتی و بین موقعیتی و همچنین از طریق مقایسه پاسخ های هر شرکت­‌کننده به سوالات کیفی قبل و بعد از مداخله انجام شد، نشان داد اگرچه اشتغال‌­پذیری ادراک شده دانشجویان تغییر قابل توجهی نداشت اما تحلیل­‌های حاصل از داده‌­های کیفی نشان داد که این روش بر برداشت دانشجویان از خودشان تاثیر داشته است.
 نتیجه‌­گیری: بنابر نتایج، مشاوره طراحی زندگی، به جای تاثیرگذاری بر اشتغال پذیری  دانشجویان توانسته است زمینه‌­های لازم را برای اشتغال‌پذیری آنان فراهم سازد. با فراهم آمدن این زمینه انتظار می­رود که افراد در طول زمان به اشتغال‌پذیری برسند. بنابراین دانشجویان، مشاورین و متولیان اشتغال‌­پذیری در دانشگاه‌­ها می­توانند از این روش زمینه ساز استفاده بنمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اشتغال‌پذیری ادراک‌شده؛ مشاوره طراحی زندگی؛ دانشجویان کارشناسی؛ مطالعه ترکیبی

مراجع

Amin jafari, A. s. (2020). developing employability model based on Careers Chaos Theory (CTC) and comparison of the effectiveness of this model-based career counseling with SOAR-based career counseling on the job seeker’s employability. University of Isfahan].

Arthur, M. B. (1994). The boundaryless career: A new perspective for organizational inquiry. Journal of organizational behavior, 295-306. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2488428

Arthur, M. B., & Rousseau, D. M. (2001). The boundaryless career: A new employment principle for a new organizational era. Oxford University Press, USA.

Asonitou, S. (2015). Employability skills in higher education and the case of Greece. Procedia-social and behavioral sciences, 175, 283-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.1202

Byiers, B. J., Reichle, J., & Symons, F. J. (2012). Single-subject experimental design for evidence-based practice. https://doi:10.1044/1058-0360(2012/11-0036)

Creswell, J. W., & Clark, V. L. P. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Sage publications.

Dacre Pool, L., Qualter, P., & J. Sewell, P. (2014). Exploring the factor structure of the CareerEDGE employability development profile. Education+ training, 56(4), 303-313. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-01-2013-0009

Dacre Pool, L., & Sewell, P. (2007). The key to employability: developing a practical model of graduate employability. Education+ training, 49(4), 277-289. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400910710754435

Di Fabio, A.D. (2015). Life Adaptability Qualitative Assessment (Laqua). In: Maree, K., Fabio, A.D. (eds) Exploring New Horizons in Career Counselling. SensePublishers, Rotterdam. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-154-0_3

Di Fabio, A. (2017). A review of empirical studies on employability and measures of employability. Psychology of career adaptability, employability and resilience, 107-123. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66954-0_7

Di Fabio, A., & Maree, J. G. (2013). Effectiveness of the career interest profile. Journal of Employment Counseling, 50(3), 110-123. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1920.2013.00030.x

Dowd, K. O., & Kaplan, D. M. (2005). The career life of academics: Boundaried or boundaryless? Human Relations, 58(6), 699-721. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726705057156

Eby, L. T., Butts, M., & Lockwood, A. (2003). Predictors of success in the era of the boundaryless career. Journal of Organizational Behavior: The International Journal of Industrial, Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Behavior, 24(6), 689-708. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.214

Farahani, H., Abedi, A., Aghamohamadi, S., & Kazemi, Z. (2017). Psychology of single case designs in behavioral science and medical research. Psychology and Art.

Guilbert, L., Carrein, C., Guénolé, N., Monfray, L., Rossier, J., & Priolo, D. (2018). Relationship between perceived organizational support, proactive personality, and perceived employability in workers over 50. Journal of Employment Counseling, 55(2), 58-71. https://doi.org/10.1002/joec.12075

Hall, D. T., Yip, J., & Doiron, K. (2018). Protean careers at work: Self-direction and values orientation in psychological success. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 5(1), 129-156. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032117-104631

Hodzic, S., Ripoll, P., Lira, E., & Zenasni, F. (2015). Can intervention in emotional competences increase employability prospects of unemployed adults? Journal of Vocational Behavior, 88, 28-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.02.007

Kamyabi, K., Rahimi Pordanjani, T., & Heydarnia, A. (2019). Employability in Construction Career Counseling Using Life Design Paradigm. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal (RRJ), 8(10), 97-104. URL: http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-1573-en.html

Kennedy, C. H. (2005). Single-case designs for educational research (Vol. 1). Pearson/A & B Boston.

Kwon, J. E. (2019). Work volition and career adaptability as predictors of employability: Examining a moderated mediating process. Sustainability, 11(24), 7089. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11247089

Lane, J. D., & Gast, D. L. (2014). Visual analysis in single case experimental design studies: Brief review and guidelines. Neuropsychological rehabilitation, 24(3-4), 445-463. https://doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2013.815636

Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (2016). Constructivist Conjectures At Work. In The Constructivist Credo (pp. 83-198). Routledge.

Maree, J. G. (2013). Counselling for career construction: Connecting life themes to construct life portraits: Turning pain into hope. Springer Science & Business Media.

Maree, J. G., Gerryts, E. W., Fletcher, L., & Olivier, J. (2019). Using career counselling with group life design principles to improve the employability of disadvantaged young adults. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 29(2), 110-120. https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2019.1594646

Maree, K. (2006). Manual for the Career Interest Profile (CiP). Jopie van Rooyen and Partners.

McArdle, S., Waters, L., Briscoe, J. P., & Hall, D. T. T. (2007). Employability during unemployment: Adaptability, career identity and human and social capital. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 71(2), 247-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2007.06.003

Moosavi, M. (2013). The Examination Effect of Career Counseling Based on Construction Theory on Employability University of Isfahan Female Students University of Isfahan]. Isfahan.

Reddan, G., & Rauchle, M. (2017). Combining quality work-integrated learning and career development learning through the use of the SOAR model to enhance employability. Asia-Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education, 18(2), 129-139.

Rodrigues, R., Butler, C. L., & Guest, D. (2019). Antecedents of protean and boundaryless career orientations: The role of core self-evaluations, perceived employability and social capital. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 110, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.11.003

Rothwell, A., & Arnold, J. (2007). Self‐perceived employability: Development and validation of a scale. Personnel review, 36(1), 23-41. https://doi.org/10.1108/00483480710716704

Rothwell, A., Herbert, I., & Rothwell, F. (2008). Self-perceived employability: Construction and initial validation of a scale for university students. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2007.12.001

Rothwell, A., Jewell, S., & Hardie, M. (2009). Self-perceived employability: Investigating the responses of post-graduate students. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75(2), 152-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2009.05.002

Rudolph, C. W., Lavigne, K. N., & Zacher, H. (2017). Career adaptability: A meta-analysis of relationships with measures of adaptivity, adapting responses, and adaptation results. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 98, 17-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2016.09.002

Savickas, M. (2019). Career counseling. American Psychological Association Washington, DC.

Savickas, M. L. (2012). Life design: A paradigm for career intervention in the 21st century. Journal of counseling & development, 90(1), 13-19.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-6676.2012.00002.x

Savickas, M. L. (2015). Career counseling paradigms: Guiding, developing, and designing. In P. J. Hartung, M. L. Savickas, & W. B. Walsh (Eds.), APA handbook of career intervention, Vol. 1. Foundations (pp. 129–143). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/14438-008

Savickas, M. L., Nota, L., Rossier, J., Dauwalder, J.-P., Duarte, M. E., Guichard, J., Soresi, S., Van Esbroeck, R., & Van Vianen, A. E. (2009). Life designing: A paradigm for career construction in the 21st century. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75(3), 239-250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2009.04.004

Scruggs, T. E., Mastropieri, M. A., & Casto, G. (1987). The quantitative synthesis of single-subject research: Methodology and validation. Remedial and Special education, 8(2), 24-33. https://doi.org/10.1177/074193258700800206

Tadaion, B., Abedi, M. R., & Nilforooshan, P. (2015). The Effect of Group Emotional intelligence Training on Employability in Isfahan University of Technology. Career and Organizational Counseling, 7(22), 9-32. https://jcoc.sbu.ac.ir/article_99416.html?lang=fa

Tee, P. K., Cham, T.-H., Low, M. P., & Lau, T.-C. (2022). The role of perceived employability in the relationship between protean career attitude and career success. Australian Journal of Career Development, 31(1), 66-76. https://doi.org/10.1177/10384162211021940

Udayar, S., Fiori, M., Thalmayer, A. G., & Rossier, J. (2018). Investigating the link between trait emotional intelligence, career indecision, and self-perceived employability: The role of career adaptability. Personality and Individual Differences, 135, 7-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.06.046

Uy, M. A., Chan, K.-Y., Sam, Y. L., Ho, M.-h. R., & Chernyshenko, O. S. (2015). Proactivity, adaptability and boundaryless career attitudes: The mediating role of entrepreneurial alertness. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 86, 115-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.11.005

Vargas, R., Sánchez-Queija, M. I., Rothwell, A., & Parra, A. (2018). Self-perceived employability in Spain. Education+ training, 60(3), 226-237. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-03-2017-0037

Whelan, N., McGilloway, S., Murphy, M. P., & McGuinness, C. (2018). EEPIC-Enhancing Employability through Positive Interventions for improving Career potential: the impact of a high support career guidance intervention on the wellbeing, hopefulness, self-efficacy and employability of the long-term unemployed-a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials, 19, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-018-2485-y

Wille, B., De Fruyt, F., & Feys, M. (2013). Big five traits and intrinsic success in the new career era: A 15‐Year longitudinal study on employability and Work–Family conflict. Applied Psychology, 62(1), 124-156. https://doi:10.1111/j.1464-0597.2012.00516.x