کمّی‌سازی اثرات پرایمینگ بذر با پتاسیم سیلیکات بر صفات جوانه‌زنی و شاخص‌های رشد باقلا (Vicia faba L.) تحت تنش شوری با استفاده از مدل‌های تجربی

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 12، دوره 16، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 31، خرداد 1404، صفحه 193-213   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.2025.93091.1111

نویسندگان

قیس فهد حسین¹؛ علی حاتمی¹؛ علیرضا تاب^{* 1}؛ نبیل رحیم لهمود²؛ سمیه حاجی‌نیا¹

¹گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

²دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه واسط، عراق

چکیده

تنش شوری یکی از عوامل محدودکننده رشد و تولید گیاهان در نواحی خشک و نیمه‌خشک جهان محسوب می‌شود. کاربرد پتاسیم سیلیکات به‌عنوان دومین عنصر رایج موجود در خاک، یکی از راهکارهای مورد استفاده در کاهش اثر تنش‌های محیطی مانند شوری شناخته شده است. در این پژوهش، اثرات پرایمینگ با پتاسیم سیلیکات بر خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی بذر و شاخص‌های رشد باقلا تحت شرایط تنش شوری در آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار در آزمایشگاه‌ دانشگاه ایلام در بهار سال 1403 انجام گردید. عوامل آزمایش شامل پتاسیم سیلیکات در چهار سطح (0، 50، 100 و 150 میلی‌گرم در لیتر پتاسیم سیلیکات) و پنج سطح تنش شوری شامل (0، 1، 4، 8 و 10 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تحت شرایط تنش شوری 10 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر، کاربرد 150 میلی‌گرم در لیتر پتاسیم سیلیکات باعث افزایش درصد جوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه‌زنی، طول ساقه‌چه، وزن خشک ساقه‌چه و ریشه‌چه به‌ترتیب به‌میزان 7/26، 7/26، 1/44، 5/66 و 6/65 درصد در مقایسه با عدم کاربرد آن می‌شود. براساس معادله ماس و هافمن، حد آستانه تنش شوری در باقلا با کاربرد 0، 50، 100 و 150 میلی‌گرم در لیتر پتاسیم سیلیکات به‌ترتیب 52/0، 62/0، 22/0 و 32/1 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر و شیب کاهش آن نیز 48/5، 17/5، 93/4 و 22/4 بود. براساس مدل نمایی، بیشترین درصد جوانه‌زنی بذر باقلا با کاربرد 0، 50، 100 و 150 میلی‌گرم در لیتر پتاسیم سیلیکات به‌ترتیب 33/89، 94/94، 48/97 و 77/94 به‌ دست آمد. براساس مدل سه پارامتری سیگموئیدی، سطحی از تنش شوری که باعث کاهش 50 درصد جوانه‌زنی بذر باقلا می‌شود با کاربرد 0، 50، 100 و 150 میلی‌گرم در لیتر پتاسیم سیلیکات به‌ترتیب 75/8، 41/9، 38/9 و 10/10 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر بود. به‌طور کلی می‌توان نتیجه‌ گرفت که گیاه باقلا یک گیاه حساس به شوری است. به‌طور کلی، پرایمینگ بذر با پتاسیم سیلیکات با غلظت‌های 100 و 150 میلی‌گرم در لیتر، توانایی کاهش اثرات تنش شوری در باقلا را دارد و می‌تواند در افزایش تحمل گیاه باقلا در برابر تنش شوری نقش مهمی داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آب شور؛ درصد جوانه‌زنی؛ سیلیکون؛ مدل‌سازی

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