اندازه‌گیری بلادرنگ زبری سطح خاک در شرایط مزرعه‌ای، با استفاده از حسگرهای لیزری و مادون قرمز

ماشین های کشاورزی

مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 13 خرداد 1404   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jam.2024.90374.1300

نویسندگان

نسیم صالحی بابامیری¹؛ حسین حاجی آقاعلیزاده^{* 1}؛ مجید دولتی²

¹گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

²گروه علوم و مهندسی صنایع غذایی، دانشکده فنی و منابع طبیعی تویسرکان، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

شاخص زبری تصادفی به‌دلیل سهولت محاسبات و قابلیت اطمینان خوب، مناسب‌ترین شاخص برای جداسازی کلاس‌های زبری و توصیف شدت و کیفیت خاک‌ورزی است. اکثر روش‌های مرسوم مورد استفاده از رهیافت توقف و حرکت در اندازه‌گیری زبری خاک بهره می‌گیرند؛ که بسیار پر زحمت و وقت‌گیر است. در پژوهش حاضر از حسگرهای فاصله‌یاب نوری برای اندازه‌گیری بلادرنگ زبری خاک استفاده شد؛ که سرعت اندازه‌گیری آن نسبت به روش‌های دیگر بیشتر است. از برازش بین فاصله اندازه‌گیری‌شده توسط حسگرها و پین‌متر یک رابطه خطی بین این دو متغیر حاصل شد. هر دو حسگر فاصله‌یاب در شرایط استاتیکی توانستند به‌خوبی فاصله را اندازه‌گیری کنند (0.98=R²)، صحت و دقت هر دو حسگر نوری مادون قرمز و لیزری بر روی سیستم متحرک، در مزرعه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. صحت داده‌های به‌دست‌آمده از حسگر لیزر در سرعت‌های کمتر از km h^-1 2.6، همانند روش پین‌متر بود ولی در سرعت‌های بیش از  km h^-13.5 روش لیزری فقط توانست کلاس زبری نرم را به‌درستی تشخیص دهد. کاهش صحت عملکرد حسگر، به‌دلیل کاهش نرخ جمع‌آوری داده‌ها در واحد طول و وجود کلوخه‌های بزرگ در کلاس‌های زبر‌تر بود. روش مادون قرمز فقط سطوح نرم را همانند پین‌متر تشخیص داد. در سرعت رو به جلو کمتر از km h^-1 3.5، داده‌های حسگر لیزری از دقت خوبی برخوردار بود (R²=0.85)، با این حال، با افزایش سرعت رو به جلو به km h^-1 4.8، دقت عملکرد حسگر کاهش یافت (0.72= R²). می‌توان نتیجه گرفت با استفاده از حسگرهای لیزری با نرخ داده‌برداری بیشتر، تشخیص سطوح زبری به‌خوبی روش پین‌متر امکان‌پذیر خواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اندازه‌گیری بلادرنگ؛ حسگر لیزر؛ حسگر مادون قرمز؛ دقت؛ زبری خاک

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