شناسایی مناطق مستعد دفن زباله بر مبنای پارامترهای محیطی و اعمال مناطق ممنوعه (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان دالاهو)

جغرافیا و مخاطرات محیطی

مقاله 12، دوره 14، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 55، مهر 1404، صفحه 235-251   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/geoeh.2025.93006.1564

نویسندگان

سید اسداله حجازی^{* 1}؛ زهرا زنگنه تبار²

¹دانشیار گروه ژئومورفولوژی، دانشگاه تبریز ، تبریز، ایران

²دانشجوی دکتری ژئومورفولوژی، دانشگاه تبریز ، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

یکی از عوامل اصلی آلودگی و تخریب محیط­ زیست، زباله ­ها و پسماندهای خانگی و صنعتی هستند، بنابراین مکان­ یابی صحیح سایت­ های دفن زباله می­تواند نقش مهمی در کنترل و یا کاهش این آلودگی­ ها داشته باشد. با توجه به اهمیت موضوع، در این پژوهش به شناسایی مناطق مستعد دفن زباله در شهرستان دالاهو در استان کرمانشاه پرداخته شده است. این تحقیق با بهره‌گیری از روش‌های سنجش‌ازدوری و روش‌های تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره انجام شده است. مهم­ترین داده ­های مورد استفاده شامل تصاویر ماهواره­های MODIS، CHIRPS و گوگل ارث، نقشه­ های زمین­ شناسی 1:00000 و مدل رقومی ارتفاعی 30 متر بوده است. در این تحقیق از نرم­افزارهای ArcGIS، IDRISI، Super Decisions و سامانه گوگل ارث انجین استفاده شده است. همچنین در این تحقیق از 10 پارامتر لیتولوژی، فاصله از گسل، ارتفاع، شیب، تراکم پوشش­گیاهی، میانگین بارش سالانه، فاصله از رودخانه، فاصله از جاده اصلی، فاصله از نقاط شهری و فاصله از نقاط روستایی و مدل­های ANP (به­ منظور وزن­ دهی به پارامترها) و WLC (به­ منظور ترکیب لایه­ های اطلاعاتی) به­ منظور شناسایی مناطق مستعد دفن زباله استفاده شده است. بر اساس نتایج حاصله، حدود 48 درصد از وسعت شهرستان دالاهو پتانسیل آلودگی و تخریب محیط­زیست بالایی دارند، بنابراین سایت­های دفن زباله باید به دور از این مناطق باشد. حدود 31 درصد از محدوده مطالعاتی نیز پتانسیل کمی جهت ایجاد سایت دفن زباله دارند. با توجه به موارد ذکر شده، تنها بخش کمی از شهرستان دالاهو که حدود 8 درصد از وسعت آن محسوب می ­شود از نظر پارامترهای مورد استفاده دارای پتانسیل نسبی جهت ایجاد سایت­های دفن زباله است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

انتخاب محل دفن زباله؛ سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS)؛ تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره (MCDM)؛ سنجش از دور؛ پسماند جامد شهری (MSW)؛ شهرستان دالاهو

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