چیستی حس مکان و مؤلفه‌های سازنده آن

مطالعات طراحی معماری و شهرسازی زمینه گرا

دوره 1، شماره 2، مهر 1404، صفحه 334-346   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/cauds.2025.95185.1025

نویسنده

احمد دانائی نیا^*

دانشیار گروه مرمت، دانشکده حفاظت و مرمت، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان ، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

حس تعلق، عاملی است کیفی که با دارا بودن خصوصیات حسی و رفتاری ویژه، زمینه تبدیل «جا» به «مکان» را فراهم می‌کند و از این طریق، رابطه‌ای عمیق و پرمعنا میان فرد و مکان برقرار می‌شود؛ شاخصی است که از طریق آن می‌توان میزان متمایز بودن مکان را به‌عنوان یک قرارگاه رفتاری واجد ارزش سنجید. قدر مسلم، این تمایزات محصول عوامل مادی و معنویِ محیط کالبدی، اجتماعی و نوع فعالیت‌ها و ادراک و احساس افراد از محیط است. پژوهش به چیستی حس تعلق به مکان می‌پردازد و در پی پاسخگویی به این پرسش است که چه عواملی در ایجاد حس تعلق به مکان و ارتقاء کیفی آن مؤثرند؟ پژوهش از منظر روش، کیفی است و در حوزه روش‌شناسی مبتنی بر مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای، مشاهده و تحلیل محتوا (گفتمان) و تفسیر محوری استوار است. نتیجه پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که اثربخشی حس تعلق به مکان از دو منظر توصیفی و ادراکی تمیز داده می‌شود و محصول دو بعد کالبدی و اجتماعی است و از حیث ارزش‌گذاری، بعد اجتماعی از جایگاه بالاتری برخوردار می‌باشد. این بعد به دو شکل همسازی فعالیت‌ها از طریق تأمین و قابلیت انجام آن و نیز عناصر کالبدی محیط به‌عنوان مؤلفه‌های فرهنگی و نماد‌ها و واسط بصری در ایجاد ارتباط ذهنی میان استفاده‌کنندگان از مکان میسر می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مکان؛ حس تعلق؛ کیفیت محیط؛ محیط کالبدی؛ محیط اجتماعی

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