پایش و تحلیل زمانی– مکانی پوشش برف و مؤلفه‌های مرتبط با آن در پهنه‌ی رشته‌کوه البرز

جغرافیا و مخاطرات محیطی

مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 05 مهر 1404   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/geoeh.2025.94771.1601

نویسنده

وحید صفریان^*

استادیار اقلیم شناسی، گروه آب و هواشناسی،‌ دانشکده منابع طبیعی،‌ دانشگاه کردستان، ‌سنندج، ایران

چکیده

این تحقیق با هدف تحلیل زمانی و مکانی پوشش برف در رشته‌کوه البرز در ماهای سرد سال از دسامبر تا آوریل طی دوره ۲۰۰۱ تا ۲۰۲۴ انجام شد. در این پژوهش از داده‌های ماهواره‌ای سنجنده MODIS و مدل FLDASدر محیط تحت وب Google Earth Engine استفاده گردید و شاخص NDSI برای نظارت پوشش برف به‌کار گرفته شد. هم‌چنین متغیرهای عمق برف، آب معادل برف و نرخ بارش لحظه‌ای برف برآورد و تحلیل شدند. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که حداکثر پوشش برف غالباً در ماه‌های ژانویه و فوریه مشاهده شد و سال ۲۰۰۸ بیش‌ترین پهنه‌ی پوشش برف را در همه مقیاس‌های زمانی (روزانه، ماهانه و سالانه) به خود اختصاص داد. از سوی دیگر، سال ۲۰۱۲ دارای حداکثر مقدار عمق برف 21/70 سانتی‌متر، آب معادل برف 4/96 سانتی‌متر و نرخ بارش لحظه‌ای 0/058 میلی‌متر بر ساعت بود. این موضوع نشان دهنده تمرکز بارش‌های شدید در بخش‌های محدودتر در این سال است. الگوهای زمانی با بهره‌گیری از مدل رگرسیون خطی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت و مقادیر ضریب تعیین R² برای متغیرهای عمق برف، آب معادل برف و نرخ بارش لحظه‌ای به ترتیب 0/037، 0/038 و 0/007 گزارش شده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

برف؛ ‌ NDSI؛ MODIS؛ مدل FLDAS؛ رشته کوه البرز

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