Immunohistochemical expression of EGFR, E-Cadherin, β-Catenin, and Ki67 in dogs with local and invasive cutaneous leiomyosarcoma

Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology

مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 08 آذر 1404   

نوع مقاله: Research Article

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijvst.2025.93754.1557

نویسندگان

Fatemeh Heydarzadeh¹؛ Amir Amniattalab^{* 2}

¹Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ur.C., Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran

²Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ur.C., Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran

چکیده

Malignant cutaneous smooth muscle tumors are unusual in both humans and animals. These neoplasms may occur from different smooth muscle origins, including those associated with hair, blood vessels, or genital areas. This study identified six cases (three local and three invasive) of cutaneous leiomyosarcoma (LMS) in 318 dogs with cutaneous lesions over a decade in Urmia, Iran (1.88%). The hematological analysis indicated significant leukocytosis, monocytosis, and eosinophilia in the affected dogs (p < 0.05) compared to the normal dogs. Microscopic examination of the tumors displayed a range of cellular pleomorphism, with smooth muscle fibers interlaced with few connective tissue cells. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the LMS nature of the tumor cells, characterized by the absence of MyoD1 and Myogenin, and the lack of CD31 was indicative of piloleiomyosarcoma. A significant increase (p < 0.05) was observed in positive expression and H-score for Desmin, SMA, Vimentin, and Ki67 markers. The expression of EGFR and β-Catenin—both associated with cellular proliferation and adhesion—was significantly increased in the LMS group (p < 0.05) compared to invasive LMS and normal tissue. However, E-Cadherin expression did not differ significantly in LMS cases. Thus, EGFR expression is noted in mesenchymal tumors like LMS, and the reduction in invasive LMS cases likely indicates EGFR up-regulation preceding metastasis. Ultimately, while E-Cadherin/β-Catenin expression alone may not suffice for tumor prognosis, it could provide insights into invasion pathways, underscoring the importance of targeted therapeutic strategies against invasive tumors.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma؛ Dog؛ Immunohistochemistry؛ Intercellular adhesion؛ Proliferation