بررسی تاثیر الگوهای شخم‌زنی، سرعت عملیات و انواع شخم بر عملکرد تراکتورهای دستی کوچک در تالاب‌های مرزی

ماشین های کشاورزی

مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 10 آذر 1404   

نوع مقاله: مقاله کوتاه انگلیسی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jam.2025.95434.1430

نویسندگان

دوی سانتوسو^{* 1}؛ دِنی موردیانتو²؛ آشیش مالیک³؛ سَعات اِگرا¹

¹گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بورنئوی تاراکان، اندونزی

²گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه بورنئوی تاراکان، اندونزی

³گروه مهندسی خودرو، دانشکده مهندسی خودرو، مکانیک و مکاترونیک، دانشگاه مانیپال جیپور، هند

چکیده

عملکرد تراکتورهای دستی کوچک برای بهبود بهره‌وری و کارایی عملیاتی برای تولید برنج تالابی بسیار مهم است. این مطالعه با هدف ارزیابی اثرات نوع شخم، الگوی شخم و سرعت عملیات بر عملکرد تراکتور دستی کوچک در منطقه مرزی تاراکان، اندونزی انجام شد. آزمایش‌های میدانی از سپتامبر 2024 تا ژانویه 2025 با استفاده از طرح فاکتوریل (3×5×2) و تحلیل توصیفی کمی با SPSS Statistics 26 برای مقایسه عددی انجام شد. شاخص‌های عملکرد شامل لغزش چرخ (%)، راندمان مزرعه (%)، مصرف سوخت (لیتر در ساعت) و دمای موتور (C°) هستند. نتایج نشان داد که شخم با گاوآهن دوار (تیلر) که تحت الگوی شخم از مرکز با سرعت کم (1 متر بر ثانیه) کار می‌کرد، بالاترین راندمان مزرعه (%78) و کمترین مصرف سوخت (1.306 لیتر در ساعت) را به‌دست آورد. در مقابل، گاوآهن بشقابی با الگوی شخم از محیط در سرعت بالا (2.3 متر بر ثانیه) بیشترین لغزش چرخ (%48) و کمترین راندمان (%22) را ایجاد کرد که نشان‌دهنده افت قابل‌توجه عملکرد به دلیل درگیری بیش از حد خاک-چرخ است. دمای موتور متناسب با سرعت تراکتور افزایش یافت و در طول عملیات با سرعت بالا به 70 درجه سانتی‌گراد رسید. این یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند که بهینه‌سازی نوع شخم و انتخاب الگوی شخم می‌تواند راندمان تراکتور را تا %56 افزایش دهد، مصرف سوخت را 0.8 لیتر در ساعت کاهش داده و پایداری عملیاتی را در شرایط تالاب بهبود بخشد. این مطالعه توصیه‌های عملی برای انتخاب و بهره‌برداری از تراکتورهای دستی کوچک برای افزایش بهره‌وری انرژی و پایداری در سیستم‌های مکانیزاسیون تالاب در مناطق مرزی جنوب شرقی آسیا ارائه می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ارزیابی عملکرد؛ تالاب‌ها؛ تراکتور دستی کوچک؛ سیستم خاکورزی؛ منطقه مرزی

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