تحلیل علّت وجودی عراق از دیدگاه نظریه روزنتال و کوهن

پژوهش ‎های جغرافیای سیاسی

مقاله 2، دوره 2، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 7، اسفند 1396، صفحه 31-54   

نوع مقاله: مقالات علمی -پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/pg.v2i7.67030

نویسندگان

حسین ربیعی^* ؛ ساکار شیرزاد

دانشگاه خوارزمی

چکیده

علّت یا علل وجودی و طرح یک اندیشه‌ی سیاسی فراگیر از ملزومات اولیّه‌ی بنیاد نهادن یک کشور و ضامن نهایی بقا و یکپارچگی آن است. عدم توصیف و تبیین صحیح و پیوسته این مفهوم در ذهن و فکر ملّت، تزلزل پایه‌‌های حکومت را تدریجاً در پی خواهد داشت. علّت وجودی از مؤلفه‌های مادی و غیر مادی بسیاری ایجاد می شود. یکی از نخستین وظایف حکومت‌ها ایجاد، زنده‌نگه داری و بازتولید پیوسته این مؤلفه‌هاست تا از این راه پیوند و انسجام ساکنین سرزمین را مستحکم کنند و پایداری و بقای کشور را تضمین کنند. این نوشتار جایگاه و وضعیت علّت وجودی عراق را بر پایه نظریه روزنتال و کوهن مورد کندوکاو قرار می‌دهد. پیشفرض مقاله این است که ناتوانی حکومت‌های مختلف عراق در ارائه یک اندیشه و علّت وجودی فراگیر، موجب جلوگیری از شکل‌گیری یک هویت ملّی یکپارچه و مورد پذیرش در میان ساکنان کشور عراق شده است و این خود سبب‌ساز ناکامی عراق در به سرانجام رساندن فرایند دولت ـ ملّت‌سازی شده است. این مقاله به روش توصیفی تحلیلی انجام شده است و اطلاعات مورد نیاز از راه مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و اسنادی گردآوری شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

علّت وجودی؛ دولت ـ ملّت‌سازی؛ عراق

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