An Optimality–Theoory Account of Changing // to [a] or [o] in Ferdows Persian Accent

زبانشناسی و گویش های خراسان

Article 6, Volume 6, Issue 10, July 2014, Pages 121-143   

Document Type: علمی - پژ‍وهشی

DOI: 10.22067/lj.v6i10.34795

Authors

Bashir Jam^* ; Marziyeh Teymouri

Abstract

Careful analysis of the Ferdows Persian accent showed that the back vowel /A/ changes to front vowel [a] in the first syllable of bi-syllabic words and in the second syllable of tri-syllabic words. However, this does not occur in the last syllable. It was also found that different processes occur before nasals; /A/ changes to [o] before /m/. But before /n/, it changes to [a] in the penult of words having two or more syllables, and to [o] in monosyllabic words as well as the last syllable of words having two or more syllables. Moreover, /n/ is deleted in monosyllabic words and the last syllable of words having two or more syllables. This paper aims at coming up with inclusive rankings of constraints to explain the occurrences and non-occurrences of these vowel changes in various phonological environments in Ferdows Persian accent within Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky, 1993&2004).

Keywords

fronting; raising; rounding; Ferdows accent; optimality theory

References

بی جن خان‌، محمود (1384). واج‌شناسی نظریۀ‌ بهینگی. تهران : سمت

جم، بشیر (1388). نظریۀ‌ بهینگی و کاربرد آن در تبیین فرایندهای واجی زبان فارسی. رسالۀ دکتری زبان شناسی. دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.

جم، بشیر و ذلقی، احمد (1392). «بررسی تبدیل واکۀ /u/ به [i] در گویش لری سیلاخوری در چارچوب نظریۀ‌ بهینگی». پژوهش‌های زبانی، سال 4، شماره 2، ص21- 40.

کامبوزیا ، عالیه ک. ز. (1385). واج‌شناسی : رویکردهای قاعده بنیاد. تهران : سمت.

Beckman, J. (1998). Positional faithfulness. Doctoral dissertation, university of Massachusetts, Amherst.

Chomsky, N., & Halle, M. (1968). The sound pattern of English. New York: Harper & Row.

Colston, C. & Wiese, R. (1996). » Zero morphology and constraint interaction: subtraction and epenthesis in German dialects« . In: Geert Booij & Jaap van Marie (eds.) Yearbook of Morphology1995. Dordrecht: Kluwer, 143-159.

Halle, M., Vaux, B., and Wolfe, A. (2000).» On feature spreading and the

representation of place of articulation «. Linguistic Inquiry 31:387-444.

Hayes, B. (1989) » Compensatory Lengthening in moraic phonology«.

Linguistic Inquiry: 20,253-306.

Hyman, L. (1985). A theory of phonological weight. Dordrecht: Foris.

Kager, R. (1999). Optimality theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Kavitskaya, D. (2002) Compensatory Lengthening. Phonetics, Phonlogy, Diachrony. New York and London: Routledge.

McCarthy, J. (2002). A thematic guide to optimality theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

McCarthy, J. & Prince, A. (1986) » Prosodic Morphology 1986«. Report no. Rucc-TR-32. New BVruswick. NJ: Rutgers University Center for Cognitive Science.

McCarthy, J., & Prince, A. (1995). » Faithfulness and reduplicative identity« In J. Beckman; L. Walsh Dickey & S. Urbanczyk, (eds.). university of Massachusetts occasional papers in linguistics18: Optimality theory (249–384). Amherst: GLSA.

Padgett, J. (2003). » Contrast and Post-Velar Fronting in Russian« . Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 21: 39- 87. Prince, A., & Smolensky, P. (1991). » Connectionism and harmony theory in linguistics«. Report no. Cu-CS- 533-91: Department of computer science. university of Colorado. Boulder.

Prince, A., & Smolensky, P. (1993/2004). Optimality theory: constraint interaction is generative grammar. Blackwell.

Topintzy, N. (2007) A (not so) Paradoxical Case of Compensatory Lenghening: Samothraki Greek and theoretical implications:. MS. University Colledge London.

Walker, R. (2004). »Vowel Feature Licensing at a Distance: Evidence from Northern Spanish Language Varieties« . In: WCCFL 23 Proceedings, eds. B. Schmeiser, V. Chand, A. Kelleher and A. Rodriguez, pp. 787-800. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Press.