تبیین جایگاه نسبیت گرایی معرفتی در شناخت اثرات سیاست در تولید فضای جغرافیایی

پژوهش ‎های جغرافیای سیاسی

مقاله 4، دوره 3، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 12، اردیبهشت 1397، صفحه 93-114   

نوع مقاله: مقالات علمی -پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/pg.v3i4.82160

نویسنده

احسان لشگری تفرشی^*

دانشگاه یزد

چکیده

شناخت اثرات سیاست در تولید فضای جغرافیایی یکی از موضوعاتی است که تفسیر آن در مکاتب متمایز شناختی از جمله در نسبیت گرایی معرفتی متفاوت می باشد. نسبیت گرایی معرفتی در چارچوب هستی شناسی ذهنی و بر خلاف نگاه تبیینی الزامی جهت دستیابی به آرمان ها و ارزش های مطلق وجود ندارد. در این دستگاه شناختی این مفروضه وجود دارد که شناخت عملکرد گفتمان های سیاسی - تاریخی در تولید ابعاد مختلف فضای جغرافیایی با اتکا رویکرد پوزیتویستی و کمی امکان پذیر نمی باشد. در این راستا در این پژوهش با روش توصیفی تحلیلی و با مراجعه به مستندات نظری در مرحلۀ نخست در تعریف فضای جغرافیایی عاملیت ویژه ای برای گفتمان های سیاسی - ایدئولوژیک متصور گردیده است. سپس با توجه به ویژگی و ماهیت گفتمان های سیاسی - تاریخی امکانیت افزون تری برای نسبیت گرایی معرفتی در شناخت چگونگی  تولید فضا قائل گردیده است. یافته های تحقیق بیانگر آن است که تحولات پدیده ها و فرایندهای موجود در فضای جغرافیایی تا حد زیادی از گفتمان های سیاسی - تاریخی حاکم متأثر بوده و دارای ویژگی های اختصاصی بوده و قابلیت تعمیم پذیری ندارد. بر این مبنا شناخت فضا الزاماً نمی تواند ابعاد فرامکانی و فرازمانی داشته باشد و در جهت شناخت اثرات قدرت سیاسی در تولید و بازساخت فضای جغرافیایی الزاماً نمی توان از معرفت شناسی استقرایی و تجربی که یکی از ویژگیهای مهم آن تعمیم پذیری است، استفاده نمود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

سیاست؛ فضای جغرافیایی؛ شناخت؛ نسبیت؛ گفتمان

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