رابطه بین انتشار گاز کربنیک، رشد اقتصادی و شدت آلودگی کشورها در سطوح مختلف توسعه با استفاده از مدل 3GR

اقتصاد و توسعه منطقه ای

مقاله 2، دوره 26، شماره 18، بهمن 1398، صفحه 19-40   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/erd.v26i18.72550

نویسندگان

محمد رضا لطفعلی پور^{* 1}؛ عماد کاظم زاده²

¹استاد گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

²دانشجوی دکتری علوم اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

نظر به اهمیت مسائل زیست‌محیطی، کشورها نه‌تنها تلاش می­کنند به اهداف اقتصادی برسند بلکه می­کوشند آسیب­های زیست‌محیطی ناشی از رشد اقتصادی را نیز به حداقل برسانند. لزوم تحقق این امر بدون اطلاع از رابطه فعالیت­های اقتصادی با آلودگی محیط‌زیستی میسر نیست. لذا در پژوهش حاضر رابطه بین انتشار گاز کربنیک، تولید ناخالص داخلی و شدت آلودگی برای 9 کشور در سه سطح متفاوت توسعه با استفاده از مدل 3GR در دوره زمانی 2000 تا 2016 بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که بین نرخ انتشار گاز کربنیک و رشد اقتصادی رابطه خطی مستقیم ولی بین نرخ رشد شدت آلودگی و رشد اقتصادی رابطه معکوس در مدل وجود دارد. همچنین طبق نتایج، کشورهای کمتر توسعه‌یافته از نظر ارزش معادل نرخ رشد اقتصادی در جایگاه بالاتری نسبت به سایر کشورها قرار دارند و کشورهای توسعه یافته در پایین­ترین جایگاه می­باشند. نتایج عوامل مؤثر بر انتشار گاز کربنیک نشان داد که رشد اقتصادی (ED) عامل مؤثر در گسترش آلودگی در کشورهای درحال‌توسعه و کمتر توسعه­یافته است؛ درحالی‌که شدت آلودگی عامل اصلی گسترش آلودگی در کشورهای توسعه­یافته است. اثرات رشد اقتصادی و شدت آلودگی به عنوان عوامل مؤثر بر تغییرات انتشار گاز کربنیک (PE)، در کشور­های توسعه یافته تقریباً به یک اندازه است اما مقادیر آنها در کشور­های درحال‌توسعه و کمتر توسعه یافته تفاوت قابل‌توجهی دارند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

مدل 3GR؛ گسترش آلودگی؛ تولید اقتصادی؛ شدت آلودگی

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