Petrology, geochemistry and mineralization of Tertiary volcanic rocks associated with subvolcanic intrusive bodies, with special reference to age dating and origin of granites from Arghash – Ghasem-Abad area, NE Iran

زمین شناسی اقتصادی

Article 1, Volume 5, Issue 1 - Serial Number 8, July 2013, Pages 1-22   

Document Type: Research Article

DOI: 10.22067/econg.v5i1.22841

Authors

Zahra Alaminia^{* 1}; Mohammad Hassan Karimpour²; Seyed Masoud Homam¹; Fritz Finger³

¹Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

²Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad

³Salzburg

Abstract

Arghash – Ghasem-Abad area in NE Iran is located in the rim of the Sabzevar structural zone. Tertiary outcrops include granite and quartz monzodiorite porphyry associated with dacite and andesite volcanic rocks. In the study area, quartz gabbro and quartz monzodiorite dykes intruded the older rocks. Granite and volcanic rocks host Au-Sb-bearing quartz-calcite veins. Mineralized veins are mainly located around the dykes in the southern part of the area. According to geochemical studies, granites have high-K calc-alkaline affinity with transitional I/A-type features. The volcanic rocks with adakitic composition contain high abundances of Sr and Ba. The dykes in the area show characteristics of lamprophyric rocks. U-Pb zircon dating of granite yielded an age of 55.4±2.2 Ma (Lower Eocene). Initial 87Sr/86Sr and εNd values for the granites are 0.704142 and +5.84, respectively. Initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios strongly suggest a depleted mantle source for the magma. This dating demonstrates that the Au-Sb mineralization occurred later than Lower Eocene. Based on field observation, the mineralization is more related to the lamprophyric dykes than to the adakitic rocks.

Keywords

I/A-type granite; Adakite; Lamprophyre; Gold-bearing mineralization

References

[1] Stocklin J., Nabavi M., "Tectonic Map of Iran", Geological Survey of Iran (1972).

[2] Berberian F., Berberian M., "Tectono-plutonic episodes in Iran", In: Gupta H.K., Delany F.M. (Eds.), Zagroz–Hindu Kush–Himalaya Geodynamic Evolution. American Geophysical Union & Geological Society of America, Washington (1981) 5–32.

[3] Soltani A., "Geochemistry and geochronology of I-type granitod rocks in the northeastern central Iran plate", Ph.D. Thesis, School of Geosciences, University of Wollongong, Australia (2000).

[4] Spies O., Lensch G., Mihm A., "Geochemistry of the post-ophiolitic Tertiary volcanics between Sabzevar and Quchan/NE-Iran", Geological Survey of Iran, Report 51 (1983) 247–267.

[5] اشرف پور ا.،" ویژگیهای ژئوشیمیایی، کانی شناسی و دگرسانی محدوده طلای ارغش، جنوب غرب نیشابور، شمال شرق ایران"، پایان نامه دکتری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی (1386) ص ۱۳۷.

[6] جعفری زنگلانلو م.، منظمی باقرزاده ر.، "طرح تلفیق لایه‌های اطلاعات پایه و تعیین نقاط امید بخش مواد معدنی، گزارش اکتشاف عمومی طلا- آنتیموان حسن آباد"، سازمان زمین شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور (1388).

[7] کیوانفر م.، عسکری ا.، "گزارش نقشه های زمینی شناسی معدنی 1:5000 ناحیه معدنی ارغش- چشمه زرد (جنوب نیشابور)"، سازمان زمین شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور (1377).

[8] Xiong., Binghui D., Samadi M., "Gold exploration text in Arghash, Au III", Geological Survey of Iran,Unpublished report (2001).

[9] Naderi Mighan N., Torshizian H., "Geological Map of Kadkan, 7760, 1:100.000 scale", Tehran, Geological Survey of Iran (1998).

[10] Alavi M., "Tectonostratigraphic synthesis and structural style of the Alborz mountain system in northern Iran", Journal of Geodynamics 21 (1996) 1–33.

[11] Sengör A.M.C., "A new model for the late Palaeozoic–Mesozoic tectonics evolution of Iran and implications for Oman", In: Robertson A.H.F., Searle M.P., Ries A.C., (Eds.), The geology and tectonics of the Oman region 49. Geological Society of London Special Publication (1990) 797–831.

[12] Bagheri S., Stampfli GM., "The Anarak, Jandaq and Posht-e-Badam metamorphic complexes in central Iran: New geological data, relationships and tectonic implications", Tectonophysics 451 (2008) 123–155.

[13] اعلمی نیا ز.، "مطالعات زمین شناسی،کانی سازی (طلا- مس)، آلتراسیون، سن سنجی و منشأ توده های نفوذی ارغش- قاسم آباد"، پایان نامه دکتری، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، چاپ نشده (1392).

[14] صمدی، م.، "گزارش عملیات اکتشافی در کانسار طلای ارغش کانسارهای شماره 1،2،3،4،5 جنوب نیشابور"، (1380).

[15] Pecerillo A., Taylor S.R., "Geochemistry of Eocene calc-alkaline volcanic rocks from the Kastamonu area, northern Turkey", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 58 (1976) 63–81.

[16] Shand S. J.,"Eruptive rocks", T Murby, London (1943) 488p.

[17] Rollinson H., "Using geochemical data, evaluation, presentation, interpretation. Addison-Wesley/Longman, Harlow", England (1993) 352p.

[18] Chappell B. W,. White A. J. R., William I. S., Wyborn D., "Low and high-temperature

granites", Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. Earth Sci. 95 (2004) 125-140.

[19] Pearce J. A., Haris N.B.W., Tindle A. G., "Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks". Journal of petrology 25, part 4 (1984) 956-983.

[20] Jiang Y. H., Zhao P., Zhou Q., Liao S.Y., Jin G.D., "Petrogenesis and tectonic implications

of Early Cretaceous S- and A-type granites in the northwest of the Gan- Hang rift, SE China", Lithos 121 (2011) 55–73.

[21] Anderson I. C., Frost C. D., Frost, B.R., "Petrogenesis of the Red Mountain pluton, Laramie anorthosite complex, Wyoming: implications for the origin of A-type granite", Precambrian Res 124 (2003) 243–267.

[22] Whalen J.B., Currie K.L., Chappell, B.W., "A-Type Granites - Geochemical Characteristics, Discrimination and Petrogenessi", Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 95-4 (1987) 407-419.

[23] Richards J. R., Kerrich R., "Adakite-Like Rocks: Their Diverse Origins and Questionable Role in Metallogenesis", Economic Geology102 (2007).

[24] Defant M. J., Drummond M. S., "Derivation of some modern arc magmas by melting of young subducted lithosphere", Nature 347 (1990) 662–665.

[25] Sajona F. G., Maury R. C., "Association of adakites with gold and copper mineralization in the Philippines", Comptes rendus de l’Academie des sciences. Serie II, Sciences de la terre et des planets 326 (1998) 27–34.

[26] Oyarzun R., Marquez A., Lillo J., Lopez I., Rivera S., "Giant versus small porphyry copper deposits of Cenozoic age in northern Chile: Adakitic versus normal calc-alkaline magmatism", Mineralium Deposita 36 (2001) 794–798.

[27] Rock N. M. S., "Lamprophyres", Blackie, Glasgow (1991).

[28] Chen R. X., Zheng Y. F., Zhao Z. F., Tang J., Wu F. Y., Liu X. M. "Zircon U–Pb age and Hf isotope evidence for contrasting origin of bimodal protoliths for ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks from the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project", J. Metamorp. Geology 25 (2007) 873–894.

[29] اعلمی نیا ز.، کریم پور م.ح.، همام م.، فینگر ف.، "ژئوشیمی و سن سنجی گرانیتوئیدهای سری مگنتیت کرتاسه پایانی در منطقه ارغش- قاسم آباد (شمال شرق ایران)"، مجله پترولوژی اصفهان (1391).

[30] Sepahi A. A., Athari S. F., "Petrology of major granitic plutons of the northwestern part of the Sanandaj–Sirjan Metamorphic Belt, Zagros Orogen, Iran: with emphasis on A-type granitoids from the SE Saqqez area", Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie Abhandlungen 183 (2006) 93–106.

[31] Dargahi S., Arvin M., Pan Y., Babaei A., "Petrogenesis of post-collisional A-type granitoids from the Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic assemblage, Southwestern Kerman, Iran: Constraints on the Arabian–Eurasian continental collision", Lithos 115 (2010) 190–204.

[32] Karsli O., Caran S., Dokuz A., Coban H., Chen B., Kandemir R., "A-type granitoids from the Eastern Pontides, NE Turkey: Records for generation of hybrid A-type rocks in a subduction-related environment", Tectonophysics 530–531 (2012) 208–224.

[33] ارجمندزاده ر.، علیرضایی "ماگماتیسم آداکیتی و نهشته های مس- طلای پورفیری؛ مثال از خاروانا، شمال غرب ایران"، بیست و چهارمین گردهمائی علوم زمین، سازمان زمین شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور (1384).

[34] Arjmandzadeh R., Karimpour M. H., Mazaheri S. A., Santos J. F., Medina J. M., Homam, S. M. "Sr–Nd isotope geochemistry and petrogenesis of the Chah-Shaljami granitoids (Lut Block, Eastern Iran)", Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 41(2011) 283–296.

[35] غلامی ن.، "زمین شناسی ژئوشیمی و پترولوژی شرق ارغش (نیشابور)"، پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد (1388) 189 ص.

[36] کریمی سعید آبادی ز.، "کانی سازی- آلتراسیون و ژئوشیمی محدوده جنوب ارغش"، پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد (1388) 180 ص.

[37] Torabi G., "Late Permian lamprophyric magmatism in NE of Isfahan Province, Iran: a mark of rifting in the Gandwana land", Comptes Rendus Geoscience 341 (2009) 85-94.

[38] Phillips G.N., Hughes M.J., "The geology and gold deposits of the Victorian gold province", Ore Geology Reviews 11 (1996) 255-302.

[39] Kenworthy S., Hagemann S.G., "Fault and vein relationships in a reverse fault system at the Centenary orebody (Darlot gold deposit), Western Australia: Implications for gold mineralization", Journal of Structural Geology 29 (2007) 712-735.

[40] Mao J, Wang Y, Li H, Pirajno F, Zhang C, Wang R., "The relationship of mantle-derived fluids to gold metallogenesis in the Jiaodong Peninsula: Evidence from D–O–C–S isotope systematic", Ore Geology Reviews 33 (2008) 361–381.

[41] Kerrich R., Wyman D.A., "The mesothermal gold–lamprophyre association: significance on accretionary geodynamic setting, supercontinent cycles, and metallogenic processes", Mineral. Petrol 51 (1994) 147–172.