دولت شکنندة عراق و دخالت قدرت‌های منطقه‌ای و فرامنطقه‌ای (2018-2011)

پژوهش نامه ایرانی سیاست بین الملل

مقاله 9، دوره 8، شماره 1، اسفند 1398، صفحه 191-216   

نوع مقاله: مقالات

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijip.v8i1.76073

نویسندگان

سید امیر نیاکویی^{* 1}؛ سعید پیرمحمدی²

¹گیلان

²دانشگاه گیلان

چکیده

چکیده
بیداری عربی که از اواخر سال 2010 پهنة وسیعی از خاورمیانه عربی را در برگرفت، سبب ایجاد تغییرات گسترده­ای در حوزة سیاست داخلی و خارجی کشورهای واقع در این منطقه و سایر بازیگران درگیر در این مجموعه امنیتی شده است. این تحولات به­جای گسترش دموکراسی در خاورمیانه، زمینه فرسایش بیشتر دولت و گسترش مداخلات خارجی را در کشورهای دستخوش بحران به­وجود آورد که البته این وضعیت خود متأثر از ضعف دولت­ملت­سازی و بحران­های عدیده سیاسی- اجتماعی در این منطقه بوده است. در پژوهش حاضر تلاش شده تا دولت شکننده در عراق و تأثیر آن بر مداخله قدرت­های منطقه­ای و فرامنطقه­ای در این کشور پس از بیداری عربی مورد واکاوی قرار گیرد. دراین‌ارتباط، این پرسش اصلی مطرح می­شود که دولت شکننده در عراق پس از بیداری عربی چه تأثیری بر گسترش مداخله قدرت­های منطقه­ای و فرامنطقه­ای در این کشور داشته است؟ برای پاسخ به پرسش فوق از الگوی دولت شکننده با روش تبیین علی استفاده شده است. یافته­های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که شکنندگی دولت در عراق که در مقطع زمانی پس از بیداری عربی تشدید شده باعث گسترش مداخله قدرت­های منطقه‌ای و فرامنطقه‌ای در عراق شده است‌که با حمایت از جریانات همسو، با هدف کسب جایگاه هژمونی منطقه­ای، ایجاد بازدارندگی و گسترش حوزة نفوذ ژئوپلیتیک را دنبال می­کنند. این سیاست‌ها بر فرسایش بیشتر دولت در عراق تأثیر گذارده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عراق؛ سیاست خارجی؛ بیداری عربی؛ دولت مدرن؛ شبه دولت ها؛ خاورمیانه

مراجع

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