تأثیر تنش شوری و هیدروپرایمینگ بر ویژگی‌هایجوانه‌زنی بذور ماش‌سبز (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 4، دوره 7، شماره 1، خرداد 1395، صفحه 65-80   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v7i1.37908

نویسندگان

مجید قنبری^{* 1}؛ کامران منصورقناعی پاشاکی²؛ صابر صفایی عبدالمناف²؛ خدیجه عزیز علی آبادی²

¹دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

²دانشگاه گیلان

چکیده

جوانه‌زنی و سبز‌شدن سریع بذر، یک عامل مهم و تعیین‌کننده عملکرد نهایی گیاهان است. تنش شوری مهم‌ترین عامل غیر‌زیستی تهدیدکننده گیاهان به‌ویژه لوبیا است. امروزه تکنیک پیش‌تیمار بذر به‌عنوان عامل بهبود‌دهنده جوانه‌زنی و استقرار تحت تنش‌های محیطی معرفی‌شده است. این تحقیق با هدف بررسی اثر هیدروپرایمینگ بر ویژگی‌هایجوانه‌زنی ماش‌سبز تحت تأثیر تنش شوری به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل، در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در چهار تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل پیش‌تیمار بذر، در چهار‌سطح، صفر، 8، 16 و 24ساعتهیدروپرایمینگ و تنش شوری در پنج‌سطح، صفر، 2، 4، 6، 8 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر بود. در این آزمایش صفات درصد جوانه‌زنی، طول ریشه‌چه و ساقه‌چه، وزن تَر ریشه‌چه و ساقه‌چه، وزن خشک ریشه‌چه و ساقه‌چه، ضریب‌آلومتریک، درصد آب بافت گیاهچه و بنیه بذر اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج این آزمایش نشان‌دادکه در کلیه متغیرهای مورد‌بررسی اختلاف بسیار معنی‌داری بین سطوح تیمارها وجود داشت. علاوه‌بر این، در برهم‌کنش هیدروپرایمینگ و تنش شوری، طول ریشه‌چه و ساقه‌چه، وزن تَر و وزن‌خشک ریشه‌چه، وزن‌خشک ساقه‌چه، ضریب‌آلومتریک و درصد آب بافت گیاهچه اختلاف معنی‌داری در سطح یک‌درصد داشته و از نظر وزن تَر ساقه‌چه در سطح پنج‌درصد اختلاف معنی‌داری دیده شد. این در‌حالی است که از نظر میانگین و درصد جوانه‌زنی و بنیه بذر تفاوت معنی‌داری مشاهده نگردید. بیشترین میانگین درصد جوانه‌زنی، طول و وزن خشک ریشه‌چه و ساقه‌چه و بنیه بذر در تیمار آب‌مقطر و 24ساعتهیدروپرایمینگ مشاهده شد. بیشترین وزن تَر ریشه‌چه و ضریب‌آلومتریک در تیمار آب‌مقطر و 8ساعتهیدروپرایمینگ مشاهده شد. از نظر درصد آب بافت گیاهچه، تیمار آب‌مقطر و 24ساعتهیدروپرایمینگ کمترین مقدار را به‌خود اختصاص داد. کلیه متغیرهای مورد‌بررسیبه‌جُز درصد آب بافت گیاهچه در شوری 8‌دسی‌زیمنس بر متر و بدون هیدروپرایمینگ کمترین مقادیر را داشتند. به‌طور کلی، هیدروپرایمینگ توانست از طریق ارتقاء سرعت و یکنواختی جوانه‌زنی و افزایش میزان بنیه گیاهچه، اثرات نامطلوب تنش شوری را بهبود‌داده و موجب افزایش شاخص‌هایجوانه‌زنی گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پیش‌تیمار آبی؛ جوانه‌زنی؛ شاخص‌های رشدی گیاهچه؛ ماش‌سبز؛ نمک

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