ارزیابی میزان آلودگی عناصر ‌جزئی ‌(نیکل، آهن، روی، کروم، منگنز و سرب) در خاکهای اطراف مجتمع صنایع فولاد خوزستان

زمین شناسی اقتصادی

مقاله 8، دوره 8، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 15، بهمن 1395، صفحه 415-429   

نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/econg.v8i2.36862

نویسندگان

فاطمه هرمزی نژاد^* ؛ فاطمه راست منش؛ علیرضا زراسوندی

شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش، ارزیابی میزان آلودگی خاک به عناصر ‌جزئی ‌(نیکل، آهن، روی، کروم، منگنز و سرب) مورد نظر در نمونه های خاک اطراف مجتمع صنایع فولاد خوزستان است. به این منظور تعداد 13 نمونه خاک سطحی از عمق ( 0- 10 سانتی‌متری) با در نظر گرفتن جهت وزش باد غالب منطقه برداشت شد. پس از آماده‌سازی، نمونه‌ها به‌روش ‌‌‌طیف‌سنجی نشری پلاسمای جفت شده القایی تجزیه و تحلیل شد. برای ارزیابی آلودگی عناصر جزئی از شاخصهای گوناگون شامل عامل آلودگی، درجه آلودگی، درصد غنی‌شدگی انسان‌زاد و نیز درجه اشباع فلزات استفاده شد. همچنین از آنالیز آماری تحلیل مؤلفه اصلی برای تشخیص منشأ فلزات استفاده شد. میانگین غلظت عناصر جزئی نمونه‌ها با غلظت این فلزات در خاکهای غیرآلوده مقایسه شد. ارزیابی شاخصهای مورد استفاده نشان داد، نمونه‌های خاک نزدیک به محل کارخانه و در جهت پایین‌دست باد، بیشترین میزان آلودگی را نشان می‌دهند که این نتایج با یافته‌های مربوط به شاخص درصد انسان‌زاد و درجه اشباع فلزات هم‌خوانی داشت. از بررسی تحلیل مؤلفه اصلی مشخص شد، فلزات نیکل و آهن تحت ‌تأثیر عملکرد هر دو عامل زمین‌زاد و انسان‌زاد و فلزات روی، منگنز و سرب تحت تأثیر عامل انسان‌زاد هستند و نیز فلز کروم احتمالاً دارای منشأ زمین‌زاد است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عناصر جزئی؛ صنایع فولاد خوزستان؛ درجه آلودگی؛ درصد غنی شدگی انسان‌ زاد؛ شاخص درجه اشباع فلزات؛ اهواز

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