بررسی مهارت های اقتصاد خانوار در زنان قالیباف دهستان داریان، شهرستان شیراز

اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی

مقاله 1، دوره 31، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 35، فروردین 1396، صفحه 1-13   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jead2.v31i1.47383

نویسندگان

مریم شریف زاده^* ؛ ندا کاظمی

دانشگاه یاسوج

چکیده

ناپایداری معیشت یکی از موانع توسعه محسوب می شود و یکی از راه های مقابله با آن، اتکا به اقتصاد خانوار است. معیشت دربرگیرنده ی قابلیت ها، دارایی ها و فعالیت های مورد نیاز زندگی است. بدیهی است چنین قابلیت ها، مهارت ها و دارایی هایی در زنان روستایی بخش مهمی از فرصت حیات خانوار را در دنیای در حال تغییر فراهم می سازد. لذا، این پژوهش برآن است تا با بررسی مهارت های اقتصاد خانه و خانه داری در زنان قالیباف دهستان داریان، شهرستان شیرازبه واکاوی تعیین کننده های بروز این مهارت ها در بین زنان روستایی بپردازد. این مطالعه از نوع مطالعات همبستگی می باشد. روش انجام آن پیمایش و ابزار جمع آوری داده ها پرسشنامه ای ساختارمند بوده که مقیاس های مختلف آن دارای آلفای کرنباخ بین دو بازه 94/0-69/0 بودند. دویست زن از دهستان داریان با روش نمونه گیری طبقه ای تصادفی با انتساب متناسب انتخاب گردیدند. ابزارهای تحلیل داده ها در این مطالعه نسخه 22 نرم افزار آماریSPSSwin، و Super Decision بوده است. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد در بین مهارت های اقتصاد خانه داری، زنان روستایی مناطق توسعه یافته و نیمه توسعه یافته از نظر مهارت زندگی خانوادگی، مهارت مدیریتی و مهارت درآمدزایی در محیط خانه دارای تفاوت معناداری با یکدیگر هستند. همچنین مهم ترین پیش بینی کننده های اقتصاد خانوار نیز مهارت های زندگی، سطح توسعه یافتگی مناطق روستایی، حمایت خانوار از فعالیت های زنان و تجربه قالی بافی آنان می باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اقتصاد خانوار؛ اولویت زندگی؛ مهارت های زندگی؛ زنان روستایی؛ دهستان داریان

مراجع

1. Abeygunawardena P. and Jayatilake W. 2003. Changing role of non-timber forest products (NTFP) in rural household economy: The case of Sinharaja world heritage site in Sri Lanka. Environmental Management, 32(5): 559-571.

2. Aiga H., and UmenaiT. 2002. Impact of improvement of water supply on household economy in a squatter area of Manila. Social Science & Medicine, 5: 627-641.

3. Aazami M., and Soroushmehr H. 2011. Effectives of individual-economical factors on rural women's participation in productive cooperation (Case study: Sports ball making cooperation in Paave and Uramanat district). Quarterky Journal of Rural Research, 1(4): 179-204 (in Persian).

4. Bahrami R. A. 2013. TOPSIS method to measure the development level in rural districts of the city Ravansar. Journal of Geographical Landscape, 8(23): 73-89. (in Persin).

5. Becker G. S. 1981. A Treatise on the Family. Harvard University Press; ISBN 0-674-90698-5.

6. Bertini C., SchumacherA.‚ and Thompson R.L. 2006. Modernizing America's food and farm policy: Vision for a new direction. Report of Agricultural task force. The Chicago Council on Global Affairs, 57 P.

7. Daniels L. 1999. The role of small enterprises in the household and national economy in Kenya: A significant contribution or a last resort? World Development, 27(1): 55-65.

8. Davis J.R. 2001. Conceptual issues in analyzing the rural non-farm economy in transition economies. Natural Resource Institute, Report NO. 2073.

9. Folbre N. 1986. Hearts and spades: Paradigms of household economics. World Development, 14(2): 245-255.

10. Fontana M., and WoodA. 2000. Modeling the effects of trade on women, at work and at home. World Development, 28(7): 1173-1190.

11. Hejazi Y, Mirtorabi M., and Hosseini S. M. 2011. Factors influencing rural women’s participation in post- harvest activities: A case study (Asara, Karaj). Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economic and Development Research, 42-2(1): 117-128 (in Persian).

12. Herliana S. 2014. Model of household economic behavior Bamboo creative industries: A preliminary study. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 115:1-11.

13. Hogarth N. J., Belcher B., CampbellB. B. ‚ and StaceyN. 2012. The role of forest-related income in household economies and rural livelihoods in the border-region of southern China. World Development, 43: 111–123.

14. Hser Y., Hunt S.A., Evans E., ChangY.J., and MessinaN.P. 2012. Hispanic parenting women in women-only versus mixed-gender drug treatment: A 10-year prospective study. Addictive Behaviours, 37 (6): 729-735.

15. Hudson F. 1974. Evaluation of home economics competencies achived by graduates of Spearman high school. A thesis in home economics education submitted to the graduate faculty of Texas Tech University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in home economics.

16. International Federation for Home Economics (IFHE). 2014. Success for sustainable development through home economics education and training. Commission on the Status of Women - CSW 59, Beijing.

17. Kar S.P.‚ and Jacobson M. G. 2012. NTFP income contribution to household economy and related socio-economic factors: Lessons from Bangladesh. Forest Policy and Economics, 14: 136–142.

18. Kavanagh K. F., Habibi M., AndersonK., and SpenceM. 2010. Caregiver- vs infant-oriented feeding: A model of infant-feeding strategies among special supplemental nutrition program for women, infants, and children participants in rural East Tennessee. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 110(10): 1485-1491.

19. Kumple N. F., Milner-GullandE. J., CowlishawG., and RowcliffeJ. M. 2010. Incentives for hunting: The role of bushmeat in the household economy in rural Equatori al Guinea. Human Ecology, 38: 251-264.

20. Lacuna-Richman C. 2002. The role of Abaca (Musa textilis) in the household economy of a forest village. Small-scale Forest Economics, Management and Policy, 1(1): 93–101.

21. Lado C. 1992. Female labour participation in agricultural production and the implications for nutrition and health in rural Africa. Social Science and Medicine, 34(7): 789-807.

22. LahsaeeZadeh A.A. 1995. Role of women in rural economy of Iran. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities of Shiraz University, 21-22: 43-66(in Persian).

23. Lee H. K. 2013. “I'm my mother's daughter, I'm my husband's wife, I'm my child's mother, I'm nothing else”: Resisting traditional Korean roles as Korean American working women in Seoul, South Korea. Women's Studies International Forum, 36: 37–43.

24. Lepine A. and StrobelE. 2013. The effect of women’s bargaining power on child nutrition in rural Senegal. World Development, 45: 17–30.

25. MacPhail J. 1993. Intergenerational caring in professional and family life: A physician father, nurse mother, a toddler, and an infant team up to form a unique home visiting service for elders. Geriatric Nursing, 14(2): 104-107.

26. Mansourabadi A., and Karami E. A. 2006. Consequences of development on economic, social and cultural condition of rural womens: A case study in Fars provinces. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities of Shiraz University, 24(2): 107-128. (in Persian).

27. Meenakshi J. V., and Ray R. 2002. Impact of household size and family composition on poverty in rural India. Journal of Policy Modeling,24: 539–559.

28. Miles M.S., Holditch-DavisF. D., ThoyreF.S., and BeeberL. 2005. Rural African-American mother parenting prematurely born infants: An ecological system perspectives. Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews, 5(3): 142–148.

29. Misselhorn A. A.2005. What drives food insecurity in Southern Africa? A meta-analysis of household economy studies. Global Environmental Change,15: 33–43.

30. Narin U., GuptaS., and VeldK. 2008. Poverty and resource dependence in rural India. Ecological Economics. 66: 161-176.

31. Nirmala G., RamanaD. B. V., and Venkateswarlu B. 2012. Women and scientific livestock management: Improving capabilities through participatory action research in semi arid areas of sought India. APCBEE Procedia, 4: 152 – 157.

32. Noori S., and Ali Mohamadi N. 2009. An analysis of rural women economical activities (case study: Baraan region_ Isfahan city). Geography and Environmental Planning, 20(2):87-104. (in Persian).

33. Nouri Zaman Abadi S.H.A., and Amini Faskhoudi A. 2007. Agricultural development contribution to rural development (case study: Isfahan province rural areas). Quarterly Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 38-2 (2): 263-275. (in Persian).

34. Odame H. H., Hafkin, N., Wesseler, G., and Boto, I. 2002. Gender and agriculture in the information society. International Service for National Agricultural Research, 55, 1-8.

35. Olyaie M.S., Rezvanfar A., and Akbari M. 2009. Study of influencing socio-economic factors on rural women contribution in household income: A case study of Divandarreh County in Kurdestan, Iran. Journal of Agriccultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 16 (Special issue 1-a): 12-22. (in Persian).

36. Pooley C. G., Turnbull J., and Adams M. 2005. Everywhere she went I had to tag along beside her: Family, life course, and everyday mobility in England since the 1940s. History of the Family, 10: 119–136.

37. Pourahmad A., Taherkhani M., and Babakhani R. 2003. The role of industrial areas in employment and decrease of rural migration (case study: Lasjerd industrial area). Geographical Research Quarterly. 34(43): 43-56. (in Persian).

38. Rahman M., Furukawa Y., and Kawata I. 2005. Homestead forest resources and their role in household economy: A case study in the villages of GazipurSadarUpazila of Central Bangladesh. Small-scale Forest Economics, Management and Policy, 4(3): 359-376.

39. Saatchi M. 2007. Psychological tests. Virayesh Publication, Tehran, 394 p.

40. Scheaffer, R.L., Mendenhall, W., andOtt, L. 1996. Elementary survey sampling. Pacific Grove (CA): Duxbury press.

41. Thome M., Alder E. M., and Ramel A. 2006. A population-based study of exclusive breastfeeding in Icelandic women: is there a relationship with depressive symptoms and parenting stress? International Journal of Nursing Studies, 43: 11–20.

42. Valentine, G. 1996. A safe plase to grow up? Parenting, perception's of children safety and the rural idyll. Journal of Rural Studies, 13(2): 137-148.

43. Van der Poel P., and Van Dijk H. 1987. Household economy and tree growing in upland Central Java. Agroforestry Systems, 5: 169-184.

44. World Bank. 2008. World development report 2008: Agriculture for development. Washington, DC: World Bank.

45. Zhang, Y. 2006. The household preference structure and pricing-to-market in the new open economy macroeconomics models. International Review of Economics &Finanance, 15 (4):505- 524.