اثر تلقیح با باکتری‌های محرک رشد، مایکوریزا و مقادیر فسفر بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ماش (Vigna radiata L.)

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

مقاله 11، دوره 11، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 21، مرداد 1399، صفحه 134-151   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.v11i1.73888

نویسندگان

فهیمه رضاپوریان قهفرخی^* ؛ سرالله گالشی؛ ابراهیم زینلی؛ بنیامین ترابی

گروه زراعت، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

چکیده

ﺑﻪ‌ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ باکتری‌های محرک رشد، مایکوریزا و مقادیر مختلف فسفر کودی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ماش (Vigna radiata L.)، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان در دو سال زراعی 95-1396 و 96-1397 انجام شد. فاکتور‌های آزمایش شامل کود فسفره در سه سطح (عدم مصرف، 150‌کیلو‌گرم و ۲۲۵‌کیلو‌گرم در هکتار) و ترکیب‌های مختلف باکتری‌های محرک رشد و قارچ مایکوریزا در هشت سطح (شاهد، باکتری آزوسپیریلوم لیپوفرم، باکتری سودوموناس فلورسنس، قارچ گلوموس موسه­آ، ترکیب آزوسپریلیوم و سودوموناس، آزوسپریلیوم و قارچ، سودوموناس و قارچ و ترکیب هر سه فاکتور) بودند. ﻧﺘـﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾـﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺐ در ﻣﻮرد اﺛﺮ سال، کود فسفر و کود زیستی نشان‌دهندة تأثیر معنی‌دار روی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد، ارتفاع گیاه، طول غلاف و پروتئین دانه بود. نتایج مقایسه میانگین داده‌ها در سال اول نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد دانه (226‌گرم در مترمربع) در تیمار تلقیح با باکتری آزوسپیریلوم و قارچ مایکوریزا در سطح مصرف 225‌کیلوگرم در هکتار کود شیمیایی فسفر به‌دست آمد که نسبت به شاهد 6/29‌درصد افزایش داشت. در سال دوم آزمایش نیز بیشترین عملکرد دانه (216‌گرم در مترمربع) با افزایش7/38‌درصد نسبت به شاهد در تیمار تلقیح با باکتری آزوسپیریلوم و سودوموناس و قارچ مایکوریزا در سطح مصرف 225‌کیلوگرم در هکتار کود شیمیایی فسفر به‌دست آمد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین وزن1000دانه (91/52‌گرم) و بیشترین تعداد دانه (52/8عدد در غلاف) در تیمار ۲۲۵‌کیلوگرم در هکتار کود شیمیایی فسفر به‌دست آمد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﮐﻠﯽ اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن‌دﻫﻨﺪة مفید‌بودن باکتری آزوسپیریلوم و قارچ مایکوریزا در زراﻋﺖ ﻣﺎش جهت کاهش استفاده از کود شیمیایی فسفر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آزوسپیریلوم لیپوفرم؛ حبوبات؛ سودوموناس فلورسنس؛ گلوموس موسه

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