بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر واردات بذر سبزیجات به ایران و کشورهای منتخب

اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی

مقاله 4، دوره 33، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 44، تیر 1398، صفحه 165-176   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jead2.v0i0.73957

نویسندگان

امین نجفی؛ علیرضا کرباسی^* ؛ سید حسین محمدزاده

دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

با افزایش سرمایه‌گذاری در بخش خصوصی و تحقیقات اصلاح نباتات در کشور‌های توسعه‌یافته، حقوق مالکیت معنوی اهمیت ویژه‌ای در بخش بذر بدست آورده است. در رابطه با ایران بعنوان یک کشور بزرگ در واردات بذر به ویژه واردات بذر سبزیجات، بررسی عوامل ‌مؤثر بر واردات بذر ضروری به نظر می‌رسد. جهت تعیین عوامل مؤثر بر واردات بذر ایران از داده‌های پانلی طی سال‌های 2005 تا 2016 مربوط به متغیرهای میزان واردات، فاصله بین کشورها، سرانه تولید ناخالص داخلی، جمعیت کشورهای منتخب، سطح زیر کشت و متغیرهای مجازی عضویت یا عدم عضویت در هر یک از معاهدات حقوق مالکیت فکری در تجارت و حفاظت از ارقام جدید گیاهی استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان داد که متغیر فاصله اثر منفی و معنی‌داری بر واردات دارد. متغیرهای تولید ناخالص داخلی و جمعیت کشورها دارای تأثیر مثبت و معنی‌داری بر واردات بذر می‌باشند. همچنین عضویت ایران در هر‌کدام از معاهدات بین‌المللی اثر مثبت و معنی‌داری بر واردات بذر به ایران دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

حقوق مالکیت فکری؛ تجارت؛ الگوی جاذبه؛ بذر

مراجع

1- Abasi M., Moin Eslam M., and Akrami F. 200). Status and Challenges of Iran in International Protection of Rights of Ownership of Works Literary and artistic. Quarterly Journal of Medical Law 11-46. (In Persian)

2- Adhikari R., and Adhikari K. 2004. UPOV: Faulty agreement and coercive practices. Evolving Sui Generis Options for the Hindu-Kush Himalayas, xi+ 231, 71.‏

3- Ahmadi M., and Kosha A. 2011. "Investigating Intellectual Property Rights of Medicinal Plants and Robbery in the Light of Intellectual Property Intellectual Property Contracts Agreement" (TRIPS). Quarterly Journal of Plant Medicines 2(2): 164-157. (In Persian)

4- Awokuse T.O., and Yin H. 2010. "Does stronger intellectual property rights protection induce more bilateral trade? Evidence from China’s imports". World Development 38(8): 1094-1104.

5- Bozorgi V. 2003. Economic effect of Iran's accession to the World Trade Organization in the field of intellectual property rights. 543-577. (In Persian)

6- Bondesen O.B. 2007. Seed production and seed trade in a globalised world. Seed production in the northern light, 9-12.

7- Buanec Le. 2015."The Rules for International Seed Trade", Journal of New Seeds 4: 1-2, 143-153.

8- Chih.Hai Yanga. Rhung, JiehWoob. 2006. “Do stronger intellectual property rights induce more agricultural trade?: a dynamic panel data model applied to seed trade" Agricultural Economics 35: 91–101.

9- Choi K.J., Park, C.W., and Kim, H.Y. 2008. Current situation of enforcement of plant breeder's right under the upov convention 275-275.‏

10- Contreras S. 2002. The international seed industry. In Proceedings International Seed Seminar: Trade, Production and Technology. Edts. M. McDonald and S. Contreras. Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Facultad de Agronomia e Ingenieria Forestal, Departamento de Ciencias Vegetales) pp 1-9.

11- Das S. 2011. Seeds and trees: An insight into agriculture, biotechnology and intellectual property rights. International Journal of Business and Social Science 2(3): 205-211.

12- Eaton D.J. 2013. Trade and intellectual property rights in the agricultural seed sector.

13- Emami A. 2016. International protection of intellectual property rights and the benefits of the Berne Convention for developing countries. Quarterly Journal of Medical Law 211-229.

14- Galushko V. 2012. Do stronger intellectual property rights promote seed exchange: evidence from US seed exports? Agricultural Economics 43(s1): 59-71.‏

15- Herati J., Bahrad Amin M., and Kahrazeh S. 2013. "Investigating the Factors Affecting Iran's Exports (Application of Gravity Pattern)" Journal of Economic Growth and Development Research 6(21). (In Persian)

16- Hua W. 2011. "Do Stronger Intellectual Property Rights Promote Innovation?” Economic Research Journal, S2.‏

17- Jalal Abadi A., Aziznazhad P., and Direct M. 2007. "The effect of macroeconomic variables on import of intermediate-capital goods of Iran's industry." 77-101. (In Persian)

18- Jayasinghe S., Beghin J.C., and Moschini G. 2010. Determinants of world demand for US corn seeds: the role of trade costs. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 92(4): 999-1010.‏

19- Johnson T. 2016. "Chinese Seed Trade". Indiana Crop Improvement Association.‏

20- Joughin J. 2014. The political economy of seed reform in Uganda: promoting a regional seed trade market.

21- Khodaparast Mashhadi M., Samadi S., Hoshmand M., and Salimifer M. 2009. "The Impact of Protecting Intellectual Property Rights on Economic Growth." Quantitative Economics 4(6): 101-123. (In Persian)

22- Norafshan M., Jabbari Navaghani E., and Martial arts M. 2011. "Maneuverability review in panel data". Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Faculty of Mathematics, Thesis. Mashhadi goddess, m. (In Persian)

23- Park W.G., and Lippoldt D.C. 2008. Technology transfer and the economic implications of the strengthening of intellectual property rights in developing countries.‏

24- Parthasarathi S. 2013. Food Security in Knowledge-Based Economy: Role of Trans-national Seed Corporations. In Sustainable Food Security in the Era of Local and Global Environmental Change (pp. 245-267). Springer Netherlands.‏

25- Ranjan P. 2009. Recent Developments in India's Plant Variety Protection, Seed Regulation and Linkages with UPOV's Proposed Membership. The Journal of World Intellectual Property 12(3): 219-243.

26- Rastegar pour and F., Moghimi Z. 2015. "Factors Affecting Exporting Saffron Using Panel Data Approach." Second International Conference on Future Studies in Management and Economic Development. (In Persian)

27- Schneider P.H. 2005. "International trade, economic growth and intellectual property rights: A panel data study of developed and developing countries". Journal of Development Economics 78(2): 529-547.

28- Shahabadi A., and Rahimi. 2005. "Investigating the Impact of Intellectual Property Rights on Export". Specialized Journal of Parks and Growth Centers, Eighth, (23). (In Persian)

29- Shahabadi A., Mohammad Kazem N., and Morteza N. 2011. "Impact of income inequality on imports of goods and services of selected and developing countries". Economic Modeling Research 51-72. (In Persian)

30- Shamsedini A., Moghadasi R., and Sadr al-Sharifi SA. 2010. "Investigating factors affecting trade flows between Iran and the European Union (case study: agricultural sector)". Agriculture Economics (3): 17-40. (In Persian)

31- Shapanloo H., and Ghanbari A. 2008. "Investigating Factors Affecting Iran's Demand for Intermediate Goods, Capital and Consumption" 209-233. (In Persian)

32- Sharafizadeh M., Azizkarimi F., Khezrzadeh F. 2013. Cereal seed production (Wheat and barley). Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture Department of Education and Promotion. p4. (In Persian)

33- Tofighi H., and Azadeh Alumni A. 2013. "Investigating Factors Affecting the Demand for the Importation of Consumer Goods, Capital and Intermediary". Quarterly Journal of Iranian Economic Research 57-54. (In Persian)

34- Wakasugi R., and Ito B. 2009. The effects of stronger intellectual property rights on technology transfer: evidence from Japanese firm-level data. The Journal of Technology Transfer 34(2): 145-158.‏

35- Zare Mehrjerdi M., and Akbari A. 2001. The effect of new inputs on wheat production. Agricultural Economics and Development 9(36): 137-150. (In Persian)