بررسی تأثیرجدایه‌های باکتری Pseudomonas putida بر عملکرد قارچ خوراکی دکمه‌ای سفید (Agaricus bisporus)

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 4، دوره 32، شماره 2، شهریور 1397، صفحه 273-286   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhorts4.v32i2.62530

نویسندگان

مجتبی لطفی¹؛ محمد فارسی¹؛ امین میرشمسی کاخکی¹؛ جواد جانپور^{* 2}

¹دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

²جهاد دانشگاهی خراسان رضوی

چکیده

القای تشکیل ساختار ته‌سنجاقی در قارچ Agaricus bisporus به طور خاص، با کاهش دما و غلظت دی‌اکسیدکربن در حضور باکتری‌های موجود در خاک پوششی از جمله باکتری Pseudomonas putidaانجام می‌شود. این باکتری می‌تواند به عنوان محرک رشد بر روی عملکرد قارچ دکمه‌ای نیز تأثیر بگذارد. در این پژوهش 81 جدایه باکتری از نمونه‌های خاک پوششی 6 مزرعه پرورش قارچ خوراکی در سال 1394 جداسازی شد و در نهایت 33 جدایه که به عنوان باکتری P. putida شناسایی شدند، به خاک پوششی قارچ دکمه‌ای تلقیح گردیدند. نتایج آزمون‌های مزرعه‌ای نشان داد که جدایه‌های مورد بررسی نسبت به تیمار شاهد (بدون اعمال باکتری) تأثیر معنی‌داری بر روی وزن تر و تعداد قارچ دارند (p≤0.05)؛ به طوری که بیشترین وزن تر قارچ مربوط به تیمار جدایه‌های P27 وP13 به ترتیب به میزان 63/361، 8/342 گرم (تیمار شاهد 39/146 گرم) و بیشترین تعداد قارچ مربوط به تیمار جدایه‌های P18 و P24 به ترتیب با 21 و 83/20 عدد (تیمار شاهد 50/8 عدد) بر کیلوگرم کمپوست بود. در مرحله بعد توان تولید سیدروفور، توان تولید هورمون IAA، فعالیت آنزیم ACC دآمیناز و توانایی انحلال فسفات نامحلول در جدایه‌ها ارزیابی و رابطه هرکدام از آن‌ها با تعداد و وزن تر قارچ مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بین میزان تولید هورمون IAA و وزن تر قارچ (58/0=r) و همچنین بین تولید هورمون IAA و تعداد قارچ (50/0=r) همبستگی معنی‌دار و مثبتی وجود دارد. پس می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که تولید IAA توسط باکتری ممکن است عامل تأثیرگذاری بر روی عملکرد قارچ دکمه‌ای ‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

باکتری محرک رشد؛ خاک پوششی؛ عملکرد؛ هورمون IAA

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