ارزیابی اثر کمپوست سنبل آبی و هیومیک اسید بر برخی خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی ژربرا (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus. cv. Artist)

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 11، دوره 34، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 46، تابستان 1399، صفحه 335-347  

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhorts4.v34i2.87001

نویسندگان

فاطمه قربانعلی زاده¹؛ مهناز کریمی ²؛ کامران قاسمی¹؛ مهرناز حاتمی³

¹علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

²دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

³دانشگاه اراک

چکیده

یکی از عوامل تولید که در پرورش گل و گیاهان زینتی بسیار پر اهمیت است توجه به بستر کشت آن‌ها می‌باشد. در این پژوهش از سنبل آبی که در سال‌های اخیر به‌عنوان یک علف هرز مشکل‌ساز در تالاب‌ها و آبگیرهای شمال کشور مطرح بوده به‌عنوان یک منبع قابل ‌دسترس برای تهیه کمپوست و از هیومیک اسید به جای نهاده‌های شیمیایی در تولید گل ژربرا رقم Artist استفاده شد. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام گرفت. فاکتور اول کمپوست سنبل آبی (با نسبت‌های 0، ۲۵، ۵۰، ۷۵، ۱۰۰ درصد حجمی) و فاکتور دوم هیومیک اسید (صفر، ۲۵۰ و ۵۰۰ میلی‌گرم در لیتر) بود. با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده اثر کمپوست، هیومیک اسید و برهمکنش آنها بر اکثر صفات مورد بررسی معنی‌دار بود. بیشترین عملکرد با 117 درصد افزایش نسبت به تیمار شاهد مربوط به کمپوست 50%+500 میلی‌گرم در لیتر هیومیک اسید بود. در این تیمار زمان ظهور گل 40 روز زودتر نسبت به شاهد اتفاق افتاد. بیشترین محتوای کلروفیل با 52/155 درصد افزایش نسبت به شاهد در کمپوست 25% + 500 میلی‌گرم در لیتر هیومیک اسید مشاهده شد. بیشترین میزان پتاسیم در بستر 50% کمپوست + 250 میلی‌گرم در لیتر هیومیک اسید مشاهده شد. میزان عنصر کلسیم در کمپوست 50 % + 500 میلی‌گرم در لیتر هیومیک اسید در حداکثر بود. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده استفاده از بستر کشت 25 و 50 درصد کمپوست سنبل آبی به همراه هیومیک اسید با غلظت‌های 250 و 500 میلی‌گرم در لیتر به منظور بهبود صفات رویشی، گلدهی و عمرگلجایی ژربرا توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بستر کاشت؛ عمر گلجایی؛ عناصر؛ زمان گلدهی

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