بررسی اثر تراکم و تاریخ کاشت بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد خرفه (Protulaca oleracea L.)

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 6، دوره 15، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 45، فروردین 1396، صفحه 113-123   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v15i1.44444

نویسندگان

حامد جوادی^{* 1}؛ پرویز رضوانی مقدم²؛ محمد جواد ثقه الاسلامی³؛ سید غلامرضا موسوی⁴

¹دانشگاه پیام نور

²گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

³آزاد اسلامی بیرجند، بیرجند

⁴آزاد اسلامی واحد بیرجند

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر تراکم و تاریخ کاشت بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد خرفه آزمایشی در سال زراعی91-1390 در بیرجند به‌صورت کرت‌های خُرد‌شده در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. چهار سطح تاریخ‌کاشت (15‌فروردین، 30‌فروردین، 15‌اردیبهشت و 30‌اردیبهشت) به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی و سه سطح تراکم (5/5، 3/8 و 6/16‌بوته در متر‌مربع) به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان‌داد که تأخیر در کاشت، باعث کاهش تعداد کپسول در بوته، تعداد دانه در کپسول، وزن 1000دانه، عملکرد دانه و عملکرد علوفه ‌تَر گردید. اثر تراکم بر تمامی صفات مورد‌مطالعه (به‌استثناء وزن 1000دانه) معنی‌دار بود و افزایش آن باعث کاهش تعداد کپسول در بوته و تعداد دانه در کپسول و افزایش عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، شاخص برداشت، عملکرد علوفه ‌تَر و عملکرد علوفه خشک گردید. اثر متقابل تاریخ کاشت و تراکم بر عملکرد بیولوژیک و عملکرد علوفه خشک معنی‌دار بود. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش جهت دست‌یابی به حداکثر عملکرد دانه می‌‌توان از تاریخ کاشت 15‌فروردین و تراکم 6/16 بوته بر متر‌مربع استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

خرفه؛ شاخص برداشت؛ عملکرد دانه؛ عملکرد علوفه

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