اثر شرایط مختلف رطوبتی خاک و کاربرد نانو اکسیدروی بر تغییرات فیتوهورمونی و کیفیت تغذیه‌ای گندم نان (Triticum aestivum)

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 3، دوره 16، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 51، مهر 1397، صفحه 569-582   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v16i3.67795

نویسندگان

امین عباسی^{* 1}؛ فریبرز شکاری¹؛ رامین لطفی²

¹دانشگاه مراغه

²موسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم کشور

چکیده

تنش خشکی و کمبود عنصر روی از عوامل مهم تأثیرگذار بر روی تغییر وضعیت رشدی و کاهش کمیت و کیفیت گندم تولیدی می‌باشد. پژوهش حاضر با بهره‌گیری از آزمایش اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال 1394 در کشتزار پژوهشی گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه مراغه انجام گرفت. دو عامل شرایط مختلف رطوبتی ]آبیاری در90 درصد ظرفیت زراعی (عدم تنش)، آبیاری در 75 درصد ظرفیت زراعی (تنش متوسط) و آبیاری در 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی (تنش شدید)[ و کاربردهای عنصر روی ]بذر خشک، افشانه کردن 5/0 گرم در 100 لیتر و 1 گرم در 100 لیتر نانو اکسیدروی و افشانه کردن 5/0 گرم در 100 لیتر و 1 گرم در 100 لیتر اکسیدروی[ به‌عنوان فاکتورهای این پژوهش بر روی رقم هما (سرداری 39) مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. با توجه به نتایج تجزیه‌ی واریانس داده‌های مزرعه‌ای آشکار شد که کاربرد عنصر ‌روی در شرایط تنش قادر به بهبود شماری از پارامترهای مورد بررسی در این پژوهش می‌باشد به نحوی که برهم‌کنش مربوط به اعمال تنش خشکی و کاربرد عنصر روی بر روی ایندول استیک اسید، آبسسیک اسید، اسید جیبرلیک، مقادیر عنصر روی، شاخص کلروفیل، پروتیئن، ماده خشک کل، اسید فیتیک و پرولین و اثرات ساده‌ی مربوط به کاربرد عنصر ‌روی و تنش خشکی بر میزان تریپتوفان و عملکرد اقتصادی در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی‌دار گشت. به‌عنوان نتیجه‌گیری کلی می‌توان چنین اذعان داشت که بروز تنش خشکی با اثر مستقیم بر مقادیر هورمون‌های گیاهی تأثیرات نامطلوبی را بر روی رشد و نمو گیاهان دارد. بهره‌گیری از تیمار 5/0 گرم نانو اکسید روی در می‌تواند با افزایش ساخت پرولین و پیشگیری از تخریب کلروفیل موجب کاهش اثرات سوء تنش کم‌آبی و بهبود شرایط رشدی گیاهان گردد که نهایتاً به بهبود عملکرد کمی و کیفی منتهی گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اسید فیتیک؛ اکسین؛ تریپتوفان؛ سیتوکینین؛ عملکرد

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