ارزیابی عملکرد و کیفیت روغن دانه گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius L.) تحت اثر محلول‌پاشی محرک‌های رشد و زمان برداشت

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 5، دوره 17، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 56، دی 1398، صفحه 567-577   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/gsc.v17i4.77173

نویسندگان

پرشنگ خلیلی^* ؛ مهدی تاج بخش شیشوان

دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

یکی از اهداف مهم کشت و کار گلرنگ، تولید حداکثری روغن با روند تولید پایدار می‌باشد. با توجه به اهمیت کاربرد محرک‌های رشد و زمان برداشت در پایش وضعیت تولید کمی و کیفی، این آزمایش با هدف بررسی اثر برخی محرک‌‌های رشدی و زمان برداشت بر کیفیت روغن و عملکرد دانه گلرنگ، به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با 10 تیمار و چهار تکرار در سال‌های 1395 و 1396در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه ارومیه به‌اجرا درآمد. فاکتور اول محلول‌پاشی مواد محرک رشد شامل: عصاره کود کبوتری (به نسبت یک در10)، اسید‌سالیسیلیک (1 میلی‌مولار)، متانول (2 گرم در لیتر)، آرمان (3 گرم در لیتر) و شاهد (محلول‌پاشی با آب مقطر) بودند. دو تاریخ‌ برداشت شامل مرحله رسیدگی فیزیولوژیکی و تکنولوژیکی دانه به‌عنوان فاکتور دوم منظور شد. برهمکنش محلول‌پاشی و زمان برداشت بر پالمتیک‌اسید و استئاریک‌اسید در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی‌دار بود؛ به‌طوری‌که بیشترین درصد پالمتیک‌اسید (85/16%) از شاهد در سال اول و استئاریک‌اسید (72/13%) از سالیسیلیک اسید در سال اول به‌دست آمد. مقایسه میانگین‌ها نشان داد در زمان برداشت دوم بیشترین عملکرد روغن (41/726 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به‌دست آمد که با بیشتر بودن درصد روغن (3/31%) در این تیمار مورد تایید قرار گرفت. بیشترین مقدار لینولئیک‌اسید (52/69%) در محلول‌پاشی با عصاره کود کبوتری، بیشترین درصد اولئیک‌اسید (48/18%) از شاهد در سال اول به‌دست آمد که با سالیسیلیک اسید در سال اول در یک گروه آماری بود. در تحقیق حاضر اعمال عصاره کود کبوتری از نظر حصول عملکرد، صفات کمی و کیفیت روغن اثرگذاری بیشتری نسبت به سایر تیمارها داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اسید چرب؛ تاریخ برداشت؛ عصاره کود کبوتری؛ عملکرد روغن

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