تأثیر سویه‌های برتر باسیلوس و استافیلوکوکوس جداسازی شده از دیم‌زارها بر شاخص‌های کمی و کیفی گندم در شرایط تنش

آب و خاک

مقاله 4، دوره 34، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 73، دی 1399، صفحه 1047-1059   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.v34i5.83826

نویسندگان

ابراهیم شیرمحمدی¹؛ حسینعلی علیخانی^{* 2}؛ احمد علی پوربابائی³؛ حسن اعتصامی⁴

¹استادیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

²استاد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

³دانشگاه تهران/گروه مهندسی علوم خاک-بخش بیوتکنولوژی خاک

⁴استادیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

استفاده از پتانسیل باکتری­های محرک رشد گیاه (PGPR) در جهت کاهش اثرات تنش­های کم‌آبی، شوری و کمک به تغذیه بهینه عناصر غذایی (بخصوص فسفر)، راهکاری علمی و سازگار با محیط زیست در جهت افزایش تولید گندم در کشور می­باشد. پژوهش حاضر به­صورت گلخانه­ای با هدف بررسی تأثیر سویه­های Bacillus pumilus W72، B. safensis W73وStaphylococcus succinus R12N2  بر تعدادی از صفات کمی و کیفی گندم به­صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل (سه فاکتوره شامل: 2 سطح رطوبتی، 6 سطح کود فسفره و 4 سطح جدایه باکتری) و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار طراحی و اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که سطح رطوبتی 80 درصد نسبت به 55 درصد ظرفیت زراعی (FC) باعث افزایش ارتفاع، وزن خشک، نسبت ریشه به اندام هوایی، تعداد خوشه بارور، تعداد دانه، وزن هزار دانه، و غلظت فسفر ریشه، اندام هوایی و دانه شد. همچنین کود سوپر فسفات تریپل در هر سطحی نسبت به شاهد باعث بهبود اغلب صفات اندازه­گیری شده گردید؛ ولی تیمار خاک فسفات به تنهایی (بدون تیمار باکتری) فاقد چنین اثری بود. خاک فسفات همراه با تیمار S. succinus R12N2 در هر دو سطح رطوبتی 55 و 80 درصد FC، و نیز B. pumilus W72وB. safensis W73 تنها در سطح رطوبتی80 درصد FC، نسبت به شاهد باعث افزایش غلظت فسفر ریشه، اندام هوایی و دانه شد. در کل برای کشت گندم در شرایط غیر تنش و تنش کم­آبی، استفاده از تیمار باکتری S. succinus R12N2 مناسب به نظر می­رسد؛ و بررسی کارآیی این سویه در شرایط طبیعی (دیم­زارهای گندم) توصیه می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

باکتری‌های حل‌کننده فسفات(PSB)؛ تنش کم‌آبی؛ PGPR

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