بررسی خصوصیات هم‌افزایی و هم‌ستیزی عصاره جلبک اسپیرولینا و گیاه گازرخ در روغن زیتون بکر

نشریه پژوهشهای علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران

دوره 18، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 74، خرداد و تیر 1401، صفحه 343-365  

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی فارسی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ifstrj.2021.40174.0

نویسندگان

ساناز فلاح تفتی زاده ¹؛ غلامرضا عبدی ²؛ فاطمه زنده بودی^{* 3}؛ مهدی محمدی^{* 4}

¹گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، مؤسسه آموزش عالی خرد، بوشهر، ایران.

²گروه زیست فناوری، پژوهشکده خلیج فارس، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، ۷۵۱۶، بوشهر، ایران.

³انستیتو تحقیقات تغذیه‌ای و علوم صنایع غذایی کشور، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

⁴گروه زیست فناوری، پژوهشکده خلیج فارس، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، ۷۵۱۶، بوشهر، ایران

چکیده

اکسیداسیون چربی‌ها باعث تغییر در صفات کیفی روغن‌های گیاهی از جمله روغن زیتون بکر می‌شوند. آنتی‌اکسیدان‌های مصنوعی برای حفظ روغن استفاده شده‌اند. با این‌حال، علاقه به جایگزینی آن‌ها با مواد طبیعی وجود دارد. جلبک اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس (Spirulina platensis) و گیاه گازرخ (Moringa Oleifera) به دلیل فعالیت‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی آن‌ها شناخته شده‌اند. این مطالعه به‌منظور تعیین پایداری اکسیداسیون روغن زیتون بکر حاوی عصاره جلبک اسپیرولینا و گیاه گازرخ صورت گرفت. بدین منظور، عصاره اتانولی اسپیرولینا و گازرخ تهیه گردید. میزان ppm 1000 از هر یک از عصاره‌ها به‌صورت جداگانه و ppm 1000به‌صورت ترکیب آن‌ها (با نسبت مساوی) به 100 گرم روغن زیتون بکر اضافه شد و یک نمونه حاوی آنتی‌اکسیدان مصنوعی TBHQ (Tert-Butylhydroquinone) و یک نمونه روغن زیتون بکر به‌عنوان شاهد در نظر گرفته شد. ترکیبات پلی‌فنولیک عصاره‌ها توسط HPLC شناسایی شدند. اندیس پراکسید، ضریب شکست و ارزیابی رنگ (L*، a*، b*) نمونه­های روغن زیتون بکر اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که ترکیبات مؤثره در عصاره‌های اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس و گیاه گازرخ، ترکیبات پلی‌فنولی رزمارینیک اسید، کاتچین، کوئرستین، وانیلین، هسپریدین، هسپرتین است. شاخص پراکسید روغن زیتون در 3 تیمار حاوی عصاره‌های طبیعی کاهش معنی‌داری نسبت به نمونه شاهد و نمونه حاوی TBHQ داشت (05/0< p). وجود عصاره­های طبیعی در روغن زیتون بکر باعث کاهش ویژگی‌های رنگی (L*، a*، b*) شد ولی با نمونه شاهد اختلاف معنی‌داری نداشت (05/0> p). با توجه به نتایج شاخص پراکسید نمونه‌های حاوی عصاره می‌توان بیان کرد که با شناخت اثرات آنتی‌اکسیدانی عصاره اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس و گیاه گازرخ می‌توان از آن‌ها برای استفاده صنعتی و جایگزینی با آنتی‌اکسیدان­های مصنوعی بهره برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

روغن زیتون بکر؛ اسپیرولینا پلاتنسیس؛ گیاه گازرخ؛ هم‌افزایی؛ هم‌ستیزی؛ آنتی‌اکسیدان

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