شناسایی مورفولوژیکی و مولکولی فوزاریوم‌های (Fusarium spp.) اِندوفیت ریشه جودره (Hordeum spontaneum) و شلمی (Rapistrum rugosum)

پژوهش های حفاظت گیاهان ایران

مقاله 1، دوره 35، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 51، فروردین 1400، صفحه 1-10   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jpp.2021.32395.0

نویسندگان

فرشید نورالوندی¹؛ حسن علیزاده^{* 1}؛ حسین صارمی²؛ غلامرضا صالحی جوزانی³

¹گروه زراعت و اصلاح و نباتات، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

²گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

³پژوهشگاه بیوتکنولوژی

چکیده

اندوفیت­ها میکروارگانیسم­های درون بافت­های گیاهی هستند و اغلب بدون اینکه علایم بیماری قابل مشاهده­ای را بروز دهند، برهمکنش­های مختلفی با میزبان خود دارند. در این تحقیق، فوزاریوم­های اندوفیت ریشه جودره (Hordeum spontaneum) و شلمی (Rapistrum rugosum) ارزیابی شدند. برای این منظور بذر علف­های هرز بیان شده روی خاک مزارع گندم نمونه‌برداری شده از استان­های البرز، تهران، خراسان رضوی، خراسان شمالی، خوزستان، فارس، قزوین،کرمانشاه و گلستان در شرایط گلخانه درون گلدان کشت شدند. گیاهان در مرحله 6-5 برگی برداشت شده و ریشه­ها پس از قطع شدن از محل طوقه، در تکه­های کوچک روی محیط کشت اختصاصی فوزاریوم، پنتاکلرو نیترو بنزن پپتون آگار کشت داده شد. جدایه­ها پس از خالص­سازی براساس ویژگی­های ریخت­شناسی و توالی ژن TEF 1-αشناسایی شدند. قارچ Fusarium equiseti گونه غالب در اکثر مناطق بود که از هر دو گونه علف­هرز جداسازی شد. به علاوه قارچ­های F. redolens و F. acutatum فقط از جودره وF. oxysporum  و F. torulosum فقط از شلمی جداسازی شدند. آگاهی از طیف میکروبی اندوفیت علف­های هرز، می­تواند در درک بهتر برهمکنش­های میان علف هرز-میکروارگانیسم­ها کمک کرده و حتی ممکن است فرصت­هایی در جهت بهره­برداری از این عوامل در برنامه­های کنترل زیستی فراهم نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

قارچ؛ علف‌هرز؛ گندم؛ TEF؛ Fusarium equiseti

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