بهبود عمر گلجای گل بریده داوودی (Chrysanthemum morifolium) با استفاده از عصاره بهار نارنج، اسید فولویک و نانوذرات مس

علوم باغبانی

مقاله 2، دوره 38، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 61، فروردین 1403، صفحه 21-39   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jhs.2021.69263.1030

نویسندگان

بهزاد کاویانی¹؛ محمد رضا صفری مطلق^{* 2}؛ سارا حاتمی نژاد¹

¹گروه باغبانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران

²گروه حفاظت گیاهی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران

چکیده

گل داوودی یکی از مهم‌­ترین گل­‌های شاخه­‌بریده در جهان است که در حال حاضر از نظر تجاری و کشت، بعد از رز در رتبه دوم قرار دارد. گل‏‌های بریده عمر کوتاهی دارند، بنابراین بهبود ماندگاری آن‌ها یکی از اهداف اصلی صنعت گل‌کاری می‌­باشد. انسداد انتهای ساقه و تنش آبی دو مشکل در کاهش عمر گلجای گل­‌های شاخه­‌بریده داوودی هستند. در پژوهش حاضر، اثرات اسید فولویک (50، 100 و 150 میلی­‌گرم بر لیتر)، عصاره بهار نارنج (10، 30 و 50 درصد) و نانوذرات مس (5، 10 و 20 میلی­گرم بر لیتر) در مقایسه با شاهد روی شاخص‌های پس از برداشت گل­‌های داوودی ارزیابی شدند. آزمایش به‌صورت طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست آمده، اثر تیمارها روی بهبود ویژگی­‌های کیفی گل­‌های شاخه‌­بریده داوودی بعد از برداشت معنی‌­دار بود. نتایج نشان داد که عمر گلجای بالا (33/16 تا 17 روز) با هر سه غلظت نانوذرات مس به دست آمد. بالاترین عمر گلجای گل­‌های شاخه‌­بریده داوودی توسط افزودن 20 میلی‌­گرم بر لیتر نانوذرات مس در محلول نگهدارنده به‌دست آمد که در مقایسه با شاهد 3 روز عمر گلجای را افزایش داد. کمترین تعداد کلونی‌های باکتریایی انتهای ساقه طی استفاده از 10 و 30 درصد عصاره بهار نارنج و 5 میلی­‌گرم بر لیتر نانوذرات مس و کمترین تعداد این کلونی‌ها در محلول طی استفاده از 5 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر نانوذرات مس به‌دست آمد. همچنین، جذب محلول در تیمارهای 10 و 30 درصد عصاره بهار نارنج و 5 میلی­گرم بر لیتر نانوذرات مس بالا بود. در مجموع، استفاده از غلظت‌های مناسب نانوذرات مس و عصاره بهار نارنج باعث بهبود عمر گلجای، برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک و فعالیت آنزیم­‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی شد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی؛ اسانس‌ها؛ انسداد آوندی؛ جذب محلول؛ طول عمر پس از برداشت

مراجع

1. Adachi, M., Kawabata, S., & Sakiyama, R. (1999). Changes in carbohydrate content in cut chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat) Kitamura) 'Shuhou-no-chikara' stems kept at different temperature during anthesis and senescence. Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science, 68, 505-512.
2. Allahvirdizadeh, N., & Nazari Deljou, M.J. (2014). Effect of humic acid on morph-physiological traits, nutrients uptake and postharvest vase life of pot marigold cut flower (Calendula officinalis Crysantha) in hydroponic system. Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions, 5(2), 133-143. (In Persian with English abstract)
3. Amiri, M., Arab, M., Azadegan, B., & Motallebi, M. (2014). Investigation of the effect of humic acid on yield components and longevity of cut gerbera flowers. Journal of Agricultural Engineering and Natural Resources, 11(42), 46-49. (In Persian with English abstract)
4. Anju, B., Tripathi, S.N., Sehgal, O.P., & Bhat, A. (1999). Effect of pulsing, packaging and storage treatments on vase life of chrysanthemum cut flowers. Advances in Horticulture and Forestry, 6, 125-131.
5. Azza, A.M., Mazhar Shaymaa, I., Shedeed, N.G., Abdel, A., Mona, H., & Mahgoub, M.H. (2012). Growth, flowering and chemical constituents of Chrysanthemum indicum plant in response to different levels of humic acid and salinity. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 8(7), 3697-3706.
6. Babakhani, M., Hashemabadi, D., & Kaviani, B. (2014). Prolonging postharvest life and improving the activity of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase enzymes in chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium L.) with plant essential oil, 8-hydroxyquinoline and copper nanoparticles. In: National Conference on Applied Research in Science and Engineering, Takestan, Iran, April 23, pp. 2321-2326. (In Persian with English abstract)
7. Bartoli, G.G., Guiamet, J.J., & Montaldi, E.R. (1996). Ethylene production and response to exogenous ethylene in senescing petals of Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Uncei. Plant Science, 124, 15-21.
8. Borochov, A., & Woodson, R. (1989). Physiology and biochemistry of flower petal senescence. Horticultural Reviews, 11, 15-43.
9. Bounatirou, S., Simitis, S., Miguel, M.G., Falerio, L., Rejeb, M.N., Neffati, M., Costa, M.M., Figueiredo, A.C., Barroso, J.G., & Pedro, L.G. (2007). Chemical composition antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the essential oils isolated from Tunisian Thymus capitatus et link. Food Chemistry, 105, 146-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.03.059
10. Bradford, M.M. (1976). A rapid sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Annual Biochemical, 72, 248-254.
11. Chanasut, U., Rogers, H.J., Leverentz, M.K., Griffiths, G., Thomas, B., Wagstaff, C., & Stead, A.D. (2003). Increasing flower longevity in Alstroemeria. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 29, 324-332. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5214(03)00048-6
12. Chen, Y., & Aviad, T. (1990). Effect of humic substances on plant growth. p. 161-186. In: MacCarthy P., Clapp C.E., Malcolm R.L., and Bloom P.R. (eds.), Humic substances in soil and crop science: Selected Readings, SSSA and ASA, Madison, WI.
13. Chizari, A., Yousefi, , & Mousavi, H. (2007). A survey on export target markets of Iran ornamental plants. Agricultural Economics and Development, 14(55), 47-66. (In Persian with English abstract)
14. Damunupola, J.W., Qian, T., Muusers, R., Joyce, D.C., Irving, D.E., & Van Meeteren, U. (2010). Effect of S-carvone on vase life parameters of selected cut flower and foliage species. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 55, 66-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2009.07.009
15. Dole, J.M., & Wilkins, H.F. (1999). Floriculture: principles and species. Prentice Hall, New Jersey. 613 pp.
16. Eason, J.R, Morgan, E.R., Mullan, A.C., & Burge, G.K. (2001). Postharvest characteristics of Santonia ‘Golden Lights’ a new hybrid cut flower from Sandersonia aurantiaca × Littonia modesta. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 22, 93-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5214(00)00190-3
17. Edrisi, B. (2010). Physiology after harvest of cut flowers. Payam Digar Publication. 150 p. (In Persian)
18. Edrisi, B., Hasanzadeh, S., Naderikhah, N., Ansari, F., & Arabi, A. (2008). Investigation of the effect of storage solutions on increasing the post-harvest life and flowering of cloves. National Symposium on Strategies to Improve Production and Export of Iranian Flowers and Ornamental Plants. Mahallat. pp. 3-9. (In Persian with English abstract)
19. Garavand, S., Mousavi, S.F., & Hekmatara, H. (2023). Increasing vase life of cut gerbera cv. Rosalin flowers using nanocomposites as preservative solution. Journal of Horticultural Science, 37(1), 261-275. (In Persian with English abstract). http://doi.org/10.22067/jhs.2022.76018.1154
20. Ghaffari Nejad, S.A., Nourghooli Pourand, F., & Gheibi, M.N. (2020). Biostimulants and their rolesin plant physiology, nutrient absorption and toleranceto abiotic stresses. Journal of Land Management, 8(1), 47-68. (In Persian with English abstract)
21. Ghasemi Ghahsareh, M., & Kafi, M. (2006). Scientific and practical floriculture. Golban Publication. 335 p. (In Persian)
22. Giannopolitis, C., & Ries, N. (1977). Superoxide dismutases I: Occurrence in higher plants. Plant Physiology, 59, 309-314.
23. Halvey, A.H., & Mayak, S. (1979). Senescence and postharvest physiology of cut flowers. Horticultural Reviews, 1, 204-234.
24. Hashemabadi, D. (2006). Evaluation of the effect of 1-MCP on vase life of cut carnation cv. ‘Tempo’ flower. Ph.D. Thesis, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran, 131 p. (In Persian)
25. Hashemabadi, D., Abedini Aboksari, H., Hedayat Rad, D., & Kaviani, B. (2021). Extracts of herbs and alcohol increase vase life of Dianthus caryophyllus cv 5 ‘Yellow Candy’. Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 27 (3), https://doi.org/10.5154/r.rchsh.2020.05.009
26. Hematzadeh, A., Sedighi Dehkordi, , & Moalemi, N.A. (2008). Effects of plant density and harvest time and preservative solutions on the vase life of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus cv. Chloe). The Scientific Journal of Agriculture, 30(4), 53-66. (In Persian with English abstract)
27. Hoppen, C., Müller, L., Hänsch, S., Uzun, B., Milić, D., Meyer, A.J., Weidtkamp-Peters, S., & Groth, G. (2019). Soluble and membrane-bound protein carrier mediates direct copper transport to the ethylene receptor family. Scientific Reports, 9, 10715. https://doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47185-6
28. Hussein, H.A.A. (1994). Varietal response of cut flowers to different antimicrobial agents of bacterial contamination and keeping quality. Acta Horticulturae, 368, 106-116.
29. Ichimura, K., Kojima, K., & Goto, R. (1999). Effects of temperature, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulphate and sucrose on the vase life of cut rose flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 15, 33-40.
30. Kamiab, F., Mohammadi, H. (2019). Evaluation of the effects of Fe and Cu nano chelates on some morphological and physiological characteristics of Narcissus Psedudonarcissus narcissus cv. Jonquil). Journal of Horticultural Science, 33(2), 257-272. (In Persian with English abstract). http://doi.org/20.1001.1.20084730.1398.33.2.8.6
31. Khalighi, A., & Shafie, M. (1999). Effects of chemical and temperatut treatments and harvesting stages on cut flower longivity and some other characteristics of carnation. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 31(1), 119-125. (In Persian with English abstract)
32. Liu, J.P., He, S.G., Zhang, Z.Q., Cao, J.P., Lv, P.T., He, S.D., Cheng, G.P., & Joyce, D.C. (2009). Nano-silver pulse treatments inhibit stem- end bacteria on cut gerbera cv. 'Ruikou' Flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 54, 59-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2009.05.004
33. Majino, G. (1975). The healing hand: Man and wound in the ancient world. Harvard University Press, Cambridge. 600 p.
34. Maskouki, A., & Mortazavi, S.A. (2005). Inhibitory effects of thyme and ajowan oils on growth of Aspergilus parasiticus on pear during cold storage. Journal of Water and Soil Science, 8(2), 207-215. (In Persian with English abstract)
35. Mazumdar, B.C., & Majumder, K. (2003). Methods on physicochemical analysis of fruits. Daya Publishing House, Calcutta University. pp.136-150.
36. Mirdehghan,H., Zeidabadi, S., & Roosta, H.R. (2012). Interaction of medicinal essential oils with calcium chloride and silver nitrate on quality and vase life of rose cut flowers. Iranian Journal of Medical and Aromatic Plants, 4(28), 669-683. (In Persian with English abstract)
37. Mohammadi Kabari, S.F., & Jadid Solimandarabi, M. (2019). Improving alstroemeria vase life by plant extracts and 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate. Journal of Ornamental Plants, 9(1), 1-11.
38. Mohammadi, R., & Hashemabadi, D. (2016). Improvement postharvest longevity of alstroemeria (Alstroemeria hybrida) by sucrose, honey and citric acid. Plant Ecophysiology, 9(29), 204–218. (In Persian with English abstract)
39. Mousavi Bazaz, A., & Tehranifar, A. (2011). Effect of ethanol, methanol and essential oil as novel agent to improve vaselife of Alstroemeria flowers. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, 5, 41-46.
40. Nabigol, A. (2011). Effect of sucrose, hydroxyquinoline citrate and aluminum sulfate on changes in internal carbohydrates and ethylene production during the post-harvest life of cut rose branches. In: Proceeding of the 7th Iranian Congress of Horticultural Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, September 5, pp. 2372-2375. (In Persian with English abstract)
41. Nabigol, A.A., Naderi, R., Babalar, M., & Kafi, M. (2007). Increasing vase life of chrysanthemum cut flowers by using floral preservatives and recutting. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 7(4), 207-216. (In Persian with English abstract)
42. Naik, P.G., & Jature, S.D. (2010). Effect of bioenzymes on flower quality, yield and vase life of rose (Rosa indica ) cv. Gladiator. The Asian Journal of Horticulture, 4(2), 311-313.
43. Nikbakht, A., Etemadi, N., & Yazadni, B., & Majdi, M.M. (2012). Application of humic and fulvic acids in nutrient solution affects postharvest characteristics of Gerbera jamesonnii Proceeding XXVIIIth IHC – IS on Postharvest Technology in the Global Market, Eds.: M.I. Cantwell and D.P.F. Almeida. Acta Hort. 934, ISHS.
44. Nikbakht, A., Kafi, M., Babalar, M., Etemadi, N.A., Ebrahimzadeh, H., & Xia, Y.P. (2008). Effect of humic acid on calcium absorbtion and postharvest behavior of Gerbera jamesonii L. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 8(4), 237-248. (In Persian with English abstract)
45. Oraee, T., Asgharzadeh, A., Kiani, M., & Oraee, A. (2011). The role of preservative compounds on number of bacteria on the end of stems and vase solution of cut Gerbera. Journal of Ornamental and Horticultural Plants, 1(3), 161-166.
46. Panou Filotheou, H., Bosabalidis, A.M., & Karataglis, S. (2011). Effect of copper toxicity on leaves of oregano (Origanum vulgave sub sp. ‘hirtum’). Annals of Botany, 88, 207-274. https://doi.org/10.1006/anbo.2001.1441
47. Petridou, M., Voyiatzi, C., & Voyiatzis, D. (2001). Methanol, ethanol and other compounds retard leaf senescence and improve the vase life and quality of cut chrysanthemum flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 23, 79-83.
48. Pritam, S., Garg, V.K., & Kaushik, C.P. (2010). Growth and yield response of marigold to potting media containing vermicompost produced from different wastes. Environmentalist, 30(2), 123-130. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10669-009-9251-3
49. Ravikumar, B., & Natarajan, S. (2019). Effect of biostimulants sprays on growth and flowering of cut gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus ) cv. Arkaamar. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 8(9), 1742-1751. https://doi.org/10. 20546/ijcmas.2019.809.197
50. Yen, J.Y., Yen, C.F., Chen, C.C., Chen, S.H., & Ko, C.H. (2007). Family factors of internet addiction and substance use experience in Taiwanese adolescents. Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 10(3), 323-329. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2006.9948
51. Zhang, X., & Ervin, E.H. (2004). Cytokinin-containing seaweed and humic acid extracts associated with creeping bentgrass leaf cytokinins and drought resistance. Crop Science, 5, 1737-1745. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2004.1737