Habitat Modeling of Meriones Libycus as a Reservoir of Leishmaniasis in Iran

جغرافیا و مخاطرات محیطی

Article 6, Volume 11, Issue 2 - Serial Number 42, August 2022, Pages 97-106   

Document Type: Research Article

DOI: 10.22067/geoeh.2022.70678.1067

Authors

Shamim Ramezani Azghandi¹; Azita Farashi^{* 2}; Mohsen Najjari³; Mahshid Hosseini⁴

¹M.Sc. student, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of natural resources and environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

²Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of natural resources and environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

³Assistant Professor, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

⁴M.Sc. in Environmental Sciences, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of natural resources and environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

Rodents are the largest order of mammals with a large population on the Earth, causing many economic and health losses. There are rodents as a reservoir of Zoonosis. Among these diseases, we can mention leishmaniasis. The aim of this study was to model the suitability of Libyan Jird habitats as a mixture of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran. For this purpose, 17 general habitat variables out of two topographic variables, seven climatic variables, and eight land use/land cover variables were used as habitat variables to accompany MaxEnt modeling. For this purpose, habitat variables (topography, climate variable, and land use/land cover variable) were entered into MaxEnt modeling as habitat variables. Based on the results of MaxEnt software modeling, the Libyan Jird habitats with an area of 432094 square kilometers, equivalent to 29% of Iran, were allocated as their suitable habitats. Also, two variables of distance from rural areas and slope had the greatest impact on the modeling process. The habitat suitability maps of the disease reservoir species showed that the highest habitat suitability were found in Hormozgan, Khuzestan, Bushehr and Khorasan Razavi provinces in this study. Considering the possible psychological and economic effects on leishmaniasis and the lack of effective vaccines and the presence of rodents in the disease cycle, it is necessary to identify the reservoirs and suitable habitat reservoirs of this disease in order to come up with good management measures.

Keywords

MaxEnt; Modeling; Habitat; Rodent; Reservoir

References

احمد پور، محسن؛ وارسته مرادی، حسین؛ رضایی، حمیدرضا؛ عشاقی، محمدعلی؛ حسین زاده کلاگر، اباصلت؛ 1396. مدلسازی اثر توزیع جغرافیایی جربیل بزرگ (Rhombomis opimus) بر پراکنش پشه خاکی Phlebotomus papatasi در استان گلستان.  فصلنامه محیط‌زیست جانوری. شماره 3. 80-73.

 https://www.aejournal.ir/article_61442.html

درودگر، عباس؛ دهقانی، روح اله؛ هوشیار، حسین؛ 1375. بررسی شیوع لیشمانیوز جلدی در منطقه جنوب شرق کاشان. مجله­ دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان. دوره سوم. شماره 2. 29-23

https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=34022

زیدی، امیر؛ زمانی، نوید؛ مؤمنی اصل، مسلم؛ کولیوند، حبیب؛ 1393)، معرفی روش MaxEnt برای ارزیابی زیستگاه حیات‌وحش در ایران. چاپ در مجموعه مقالات اولین همایش سراسری محیط‌زیست، انرژی و پدافند زیستی.

https://civilica.com/doc/265065

کابلی، محمد؛ علی‌آبادیان، منصور؛ توحیدی فر، محمد؛ هاشمی، علیرضا؛ روزلار، کیس؛ 1395. اطلس پرندگان ایران. چاپ اول. سازمان حفاظت محیط‌زیست.

کرمی، محمود؛ قدیریان، طاهر؛ فیض‌اللهی، کاوه؛ 1395. اطلس پستانداران ایران. چاپ اول. سازمان حفاظت محیط‌زیست.

کیوانی، یزدان؛ نصری، منوچهر؛ عباسی، کیوان؛ عبدلی، اصغر؛ 1395. اطلس ماهیان آب‌های داخلی ایران. چاپ اول. جهاد دانشگاهی واحد خوارزمی.

مظفری، امید؛ کمالی، کامران؛ فهیمی، هادی؛ 1395. اطلس خزندگان ایران. چاپ اول، سازمان حفاظت محیط‌زیست.

یوسفی سیاه کلرودی؛ سیامک. سعیدی، هانیه؛ بهفر، منا؛ فلاحی، رکسانا؛ 1395. اطلس دوزیستان ایران. چاپ دوم. جهاد دانشگاهی واحد خوارزمی.

 

Austin M. P., 2002. Spatial prediction of species distribution: an interface between ecological theory and statistical modelling. Ecological modelling, 157(2-3), 101-118. DOI:10.1016/ S0304-3800(02)00205-3

Azizi K, Davari B, Kalantari M, & Fekri S., 2011.Gerbillid rodents fauna (Muridae: Gerbillinae) and detection of reservoir hosts (s) of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis using a nested-PCR technique in Jask City in Hormozgan Province in 2008. Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, 16(2). http://sjku.muk.ac.ir/article-1-537-en.html

Bean W T, Prugh LR, Stafford R, Butterfield, H S, Westphal, M, & Brashares, J S., 2014. Species distribution models of an endangered rodent offer conflicting measures of habitat quality at multiple scales. Journal of Applied Ecology, 51(4), 1116-1125. DOI:10.1111/1365-2664. 12281

Chellappan M., 2021. Rodents in Polyphagous Pests of Crops. Springer, Singapore. (pp. 457-532). DOI:10.1007/978-981-15-8075-8_11

Dehghani, R., Seyedi, H., Dehqan, S., & Sharifi, H., 2013. Geographical distribution of mouse and mouse-borne diseases in Iran: a review article. KAUMS Journal (FEYZ), 17(2), 203-219. https://feyz.kaums.ac.ir

Gholamrezaei M, Mohebali M, Hanafi-Bojd A A, Sedaghat MM, & Shirzadi MR., 2016. Ecological Niche Modeling of main reservoir hosts of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran. Acta tropica, 160, 44-52. DOI:10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.04.014

Guisan, A., & Zimmermann, N. E., 2000. Predictive habitat distribution models in ecology. Ecological modelling, 135(2-3), 147-186. DOI:10.1016/S0304-3800(00)00354-9

Heshmati GA., 2012. Vegetation characteristics of four ecological zones of Iran. International Journal of plant production, 1(2), 215-224. https:// ijpp.gau.ac.ir/ article_5 38_ 2c769982 da c94b034 60ea2e f24c943f3.pdf

Khaghani R., 2007.The economic and health impact of rodent in urban zone and harbours and their control methods. https://www.sid.ir/en/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=90749

Priti H, Aravind N. A, Shaanker R. U, & Ravikanth G., 2016. Modeling impacts of future climate on the distribution of Myristicaceae species in the Western Ghats, India. Ecological Engineering, 89, 14-23. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.01.006

Rabiee MH, Mahmoudi A, Siahsarvie R, Kryštufek B, & Mostafavi E., 2018. Rodent-borne diseases and their public health importance in Iran. PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 12(4), e0006256. DOI:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006256

Salehi Moghadam A, Khoshdel A, Hanafi Bajd A, Sedaghat M., 2015.Mapping and review of leishmaniasis, carriers and their important reservoirs in Iran. Kerman University of Medical Sciences; 104-83. https://www.sid.ir/en/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=433832

Syfert M M, Smith, M J Coomes DA., 2013.The effects of sampling bias and model complexity on the predictive performance of MaxEnt species distribution models. PloS one; 8(2), e55158. DOI: 0.1371/journal.pone.0055158.