Historical and descriptive semantics of the word "Talla" in the Holy Quran

زبان و ادبیات عربی

Volume 14, Issue 2 - Serial Number 29, September 2021, Pages 1-21   

Document Type: research article

DOI: 10.22067/jallv14.i2.85485

Authors

Hasan Dehghan¹; Seyed Hossein Seyedi^{* 2}; Hossein Nazeri³

¹PhD Candidate in Arabic Language and Literature Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

²Professor in Arabic Language and Literature, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

³Associate Professor in Arabic Language and Literature, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

The present study is the historical and descriptive semantics of the word "talla," which is one of the hapax legomena of the Holy Quran. Recognition of words as the main constituent elements of sentence structure plays a vital role in understanding the speaker's meaning. Therefore, we have considered it necessary to study the evolution of words and their semantic relations and have undertaken this research. A brief introduction to semantics and its two historical-descriptive types, a brief reference to the "hapax legomenon" approach and its historical background, the study of this word in the context of history and its semantic implications, especially in the era of revelation, and its analysis within descriptive semantics based on "descriptive-analytical" research method is the primary purpose of this article. In the historical genre, by exploring the course of its semantic evolution, it became clear that in the pre-revelation period, in the Semitic languages, it meant "allaqa" and "rafa'a" and in the pre-Islamic era, the names "talla, talil, metall" meaning "hill, neck, and spear" implies the central meaning of ascension. In the age of revelation, it was concluded that the word "talla" with a semantic expansion approach, meaning "falling on the ground from a height" with a mixture of previous themes, has brought a comprehensive meaning. Through descriptive semantics, we have tried to explain the lexical depth of this word and its alternative and reciprocal propositions. Hence, the paradigmatic axis has a semantic relationship with the verbs "kharra, Hava, Kabba" and on the semantic opposition axis with the verbs rafa'a, Sa'eda, Raqa."

Keywords

The Holy Quran; Semantics; Hapax legomenon; Paradigmatic Axis; Semantic Opposition Axis; Talla

Supplementary Files

رفرنس + چکیده 1-.pdf

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The Holy Quran

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Doi:10.22067/jall.v6i10.40966

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Sahib, I.B.A. (1994). Al-Mohit fi Al-Lughah, First Ed. Beirut: Alam Al-Kutub. [In Arabic].

Sandobi Hassan, S. D. M. (1990). Explanation of the Diwan of Imru’ al-Qais, Beirut: Dar Al-Ihya Al-Ulum. [In Arabic].

Journal of Arabic Language & Literature, Vol. 14, No.2 Serial Number. 29                        page: 4

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Zamakhshari, M. (1987). Al-Kashshaf an Haqa'eqeh Qavamez Al-Tanzil, Beirut: Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi. [In Arabic].

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The Holy Quran

Abd al-Ghani Sarhan, A. (2012). Al-Asrar Al-Balaqiyyah fi Al-Fara'ed Al-Qur’an, First Ed. Riyadh: The Thinking Center for Educational and Learning Consultations. [In Arabic].

Abu Al-Futuh Razi, H. I. A.(1988). Rawd al-Jannan and Ruh al-Janan fi Tafsir Al-Qur'an, Mashhad: Astan Quds Razavi, Islamic Research Foundation. [In Arabic].

Abu Hayyan, M.b. Y.(2000). Al-Bahr Al-Mohit fi Al-Tafsir, Beirut: Dar Al-Fikr. [In Arabic].

Al-Ba'qa’i Abi Al-Hassan, I. b. O.(1995). Nizam Al-Durar fi Tanasob Ayat Al-Sowar, Translated by Abdul Razzaq Ghalib Mahdi, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmia. [In Arabic].

Al-Nabigha D. (1976). Al-Nabigha al-Dhubiani's Diwan. Edited by Ibn Ashour & Muhammad al-Taher. Algeria: The National Company for Publishing and Distribution [In Arabic].

Alusi, S. M. (1995). Ruh Al-Ma'ani fi Tafsir Al-Qur'an Al-Azim, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmia. [In Arabic].

A'shi, M. B. Q. (n.d). Diwan Al-A'shi, investigation: Muhammad Hussein, Library of Arts in Al-Jamamiz: The Typical Printing Press [In Arabic].

Askari, H. b. A. (1980). Al-Foruq fi Al-Loqah, First Ed. Beirut: Dar Al-Afaaq Al-Jadeeda. [In Arabic].

Azhari, M.I. A. (1992). Tahzib Al-Loqah, First Ed, Beirut: House of Revival of Arab Heritage. [In Arabic].

Bagheri, M. (1999). Introduction to Linguistics, Tehran: Qatreh Publishing. [In Persian].

Farazdaq, H. B. G. (1407). Farazdaq's Diwan. First Ed. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmia [In Arabic].

Firouzabadi, M. I.Y. (1995). Al-Qamoos Al-Muheet, First Ed. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyya. [In Arabic].

Hamedani, F.&W. Glenn. & H.Merton. (2001). The Old Testament and New Testament Bibles, First Ed., Tehran: Diba. [In Persian].

Ibn Abi al-Asba’, A.A. I. A.W.& M.S. Hafni. (1983). Tahrir al-Tahbir, Cairo: The Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs. [In Arabic].

Ibn Ashur, M. I. T. (1999). Al-Tahrir va Al-Tanvir, 3 vols., Beirut: Institute of Arab History. [In Arabic].

Ibn Doraid, M. I.H. (1988). Jamhar Al-loqah, First Ed. Beirut: Dar al-Alam Lel-Malayin. [In Arabic].

Ibn Faris, A. I.F. (1984). Mo'jam Maqa'is Al-Loqah, 6 vols. First Ed. Qom: Maktab al-Ilam al-Islami. [In Arabic].

Ibn Manzoor, M. I. M. (1994). Lesan Al-Arab, Beirut: Dar Al-Sader. [In Arabic].

Ibn Rumi, A. I. A (2002). Al Diwan. Volume 3. Third Ed. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmia [In Arabic].

Ibn Sidah, A.I. I. (2000). Al-Mahkam wa Al-Muhit, 11 vols., First Ed., Beirut: Dar al-Kitab al-Almiya. [In Arabic].

Izutsu, T. (2012). God and Man in the Qur'an, translated by Ahmad Aram.Tehran: Research, Cultural and Linguistic Institute. [In Persian].

Jafari, Y. (1997). Tafsir Kowsar, Qom: Hijrat Publications. [In Persian].

Journal of Arabic Language & Literature, Vol. 14, No.2 Serial Number. 29                        page: 3

Jawhari, I. B. H.(1957). Taj al-Lughah va Sihah al-Arabiya, First Ed. Beirut: Dar Al-Ilm Lel-Mala'in. [In Arabic].

Kamal al-Din, H.A.(2009). The Joint Vocabulary of the Semitic Vocabulary in the Arabic Language, First Ed. Cairo: Library of Arts. [In Arabic].

Kariminia, M.(2014). Takamad in the Quran, An Analysis of Hapax legomena and Compounds in the Holy Quran, Quran and Hadith Research. Pajuhesh-ha-ye Quran va Hadith .Vol 47, No 2, .247-284 [In Persian].

Khosravi Hosseini, G.(1995). Translation and Research of Quranic Words, 3 vols. Second Edition, Tehran: Mortazavi. [In Persian].

Kollayni, M. B. Y. (1987). Al-Furoo’ Min Al-Kafi, corrected by Ali Akbar Ghaffari, Tehran: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyya. [In Arabic].

Kumit, I. Z. A (2000). Kumit's Diwan, First Ed, Beirut: Dar Sader. [In Arabic].

Modabber Azizi, G. (2008). Erfan Ebrahim Khalil, First Ed. Mashhad: Sokhan Gostar. [In Persian].

Mokhtar Omar, A. (2006). Semantics, translated by Seyed Hossein Seyyedi, Mashhad: Ferdowsi University Press. [In Persian].

Mudrasi, M. T. (1999). Min Hoda Al-Qur'an, Tehran: Dar Muhibbi al-Hussein. [In Persian].

Mughniyeh, M. J. (2004). Al-Tafsir al-Kashif, Qom: Dar al-Kitab al-Islami. [In Arabic].

Mustafavi, H. (1981). Research on the Words of the Holy Quran, Tehran: Book Translation and Publishing Company. [In Persian].

Nasr Al-Hatta, H. (1994). Labid's Diwan Sharh-e Toosi, Beirut: Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi. [In Arabic].

Nazemian, H. (2014). “De-Familiarization and Highlighting in Surah Al-Mubarakah”, Journal of Arabic Language and Literature. 10:139-165. [In Persian].

Doi:10.22067/jall.v6i10.40966

Palmer, F. (2012). A New Look at Semantics, translated by Kourosh Safavid, sixth edition, Tehran: Markaz Publishing. [In Persian].

Qonouji, S. M. S. (2000). Fath al-Bayan fi Maqasid al-Qur’an, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyya. [In Arabic].

Qurashi, A.A. (1992). Qamoos Al-Quran, 7 vols., Sixth Ed, Tehran: Islamic Books House. [In Arabic].

Ragheb Isfahani, H. B. M. (1992). Mofradat Alfaz Al-Qur'an, First Ed. Beirut: Dar al-Qalam. [In Arabic].

Rastgoo, K.& F.Farzi Shoob.(2017). “A Study of Synonymy in Quranic Discourse, Based on the Theory of Component Analysis”, Two Research Quarterly of Translation Studies in Arabic Language and Literature, 16:11-34.[In Persian].

Robbins, R. H. (1991). A Brief History of Linguistics, translated by Ali Mohammad Haghshenas, First Ed. Tehran: Nashr-e-Markaz. [In Persian].

Safavi, K. (2004). An Introduction to Semantics, Tehran: Surah Mehr and the Field of Islamic Advertisement. [In Persian].

Sahib, I.B.A. (1994). Al-Mohit fi Al-Lughah, First Ed. Beirut: Alam Al-Kutub. [In Arabic].

Sandobi Hassan, S. D. M. (1990). Explanation of the Diwan of Imru’ al-Qais, Beirut: Dar Al-Ihya Al-Ulum. [In Arabic].

Journal of Arabic Language & Literature, Vol. 14, No.2 Serial Number. 29                        page: 4

Sayyid Qutb, M. (2005). In the Shadows of the Qur’an, Beirut: Dar al-Sharq. [In Arabic].

Shah Abd al-Azimi, H. (1984). Tafsir Esna Ashar, Tehran: Miqat. [In Persian].

Shawkani, M. I.A. (1984). Fath al-Qadir, Beirut: Dar Ibn Kathir, Dar al-Kalim al-Tayyib. [In Arabic].

Tabatabai, S. M. H. (2009). Al-Mizan Fi Tafsir Al-Quran, translated by Seyyed Mohammad Baqir Mousavi Hamedani, Qom: Publications Office affiliated with the Society of Teachers of the Seminary of Qom. [In Persian].

Tabatabai, S. M.H. (1997). Al-Mizan Fi Tafsir Al-Quran, Qom: Qom Seminary Teachers Association Publishing Office. [In Arabic].

Tosi, M.B.H. (1990). Al-Tibyan fi Tafsir Al-Qur’an, Beirut: The House of Revival of the Arab Heritage. [In Arabic].

Zamakhshari, M. (1987). Al-Kashshaf an Haqa'eqeh Qavamez Al-Tanzil, Beirut: Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi. [In Arabic].

Zubaidi, M. B. M. (1994). Taj Al-Aroos men Jawaher Al-Qamoos Dictionary, First Ed. Beirut: Dar Al-Fikr. [In Arabic].