بررسی عملکرد و ارزش غذایی علوفه ماش (Vigna radiata L.) تحت تأثیر کود پتاسیم در شرایط خشکی

پژوهشهای زراعی ایران

مقاله 1، دوره 20، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 67، مهر 1401، صفحه 243-253   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jcesc.2022.72117.1077

نویسندگان

محمدعلی کریمیان^* ؛ یعثوب شیری؛ فاطمه بیدرنامنی

پژوهشکده کشاورزی، پژوهشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

چکیده

کاهش عملکرد گیاهان زراعی در اثر کم‌آبی، تحقیقات کشاورزی را به سمت روش‌های مختلف کاستن اثرات منفی خشکی مانند کاربرد کودهای پتاسیمی سوق داده است. بدین منظور آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 97-1396 در مزرعه پژوهشکده کشاورزی بر روی گیاه ماش اجرا شد. عامل اصلی تنش خشکی در سه سطح (آبیاری پس از 60، 90 و 120 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A) و تیمار کود پتاسیم در چهار سطح (0، 85، 170 و 255 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در کرت‌های فرعی بود. نتایج نشان داد، در تیمار آبیاری شاهد + کاربرد کود پتاسیم (kg.ha^-1 170) نسبت به عدم مصرف کود، ارتفاع بوته و عملکرد زیستی به‌ترتیب به میزان 9/37% و 6/89% افزایش یافت. در تیمار 60 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A + تیمار کود پتاسیم ( kg.ha^-1255) نسبت به عدم مصرف کود، قابلیت هضم ماده خشک به میزان 12/30% افزایش و الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی و اسیدی به میزان 28/44% و 83/43% کاهش یافت. بیشترین مقدار کربوهیدرات محلول در آب (3/18%) از تیمار 120 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A + کاربرد 170 کیلوگرم کود پتاسیم و بالاترین مقدار پروتئین خام (81/22%) از تیمار 90 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A + کاربرد 170 کیلوگرم کود پتاسیم به‌دست آمد. با توجه به نتایج پژوهش، ترکیب کودی 170 و 255 کیلوگرم در هکتار پتاسیم در شرایط بدون تنش و تنش رطوبتی برای حفظ کیفیت و عملکرد علوفه ماش در منطقه سیستان توصیه می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی؛ عملکرد دانه؛ قابلیت هضم ماده خشک؛ کم‌آبیاری

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