Identification of potential areas for transit-oriented development along metro lines: A case study of the three metro lines in Isfahan

جغرافیا و توسعه فضای شهری

Article 4, Volume 11, Issue 1 - Serial Number 24, April 2024, Pages 73-92   

Document Type: Scientific-Research

DOI: 10.22067/jgusd.2022.76351.1190

Authors

shohreh Ezzatian^{* 1}; Saed Mahdi Abtahi²; Ali Naaman³

¹Ph.D. in Urban Planning, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

²Associate Professor of Transportation, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran

³M.Sc. in Transportation, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

The transit-oriented development (TOD) approach promotes high-density, mixed land-use development with easy access to public transportation. In Iran, this concept is often mistakenly reduced to a station-centric view, where TOD planning is limited to high-rise commercial and administrative developments around transit stations, failing to meet the expectations of managers and residents based on the standard TOD model.  This study first develops TOD indicators and assesses the capacity of metro lines in Isfahan to identify areas suitable for TOD. Specifically, station points along the Isfahan metro lines are ranked and tested using a prioritization algorithm, resulting in the identification of high-priority areas within the metro network.  Darvazeh Dowlat, Atiq Square, and Azadi Square stations scored highest for TOD implementation due to their strategic urban locations, accessibility, and functional diversity. Additionally, the research proposes a planning framework for potential TOD areas, achieved through clustering in the Expert Choice software, where each cluster is recommended with a unique development approach.

Keywords

Keywords: Isfahan; Transit-Oriented Development; Clustering; Metro Line Network; Station Points 

References

1. شورای عالی شهرسازی و معماری ایران. (1397). راهنمای ملی توسعه مبتنی بر حمل ونقل همگانی. تهران: نشر شهرداری‌ها.
2. شکوهی،م.، مافی، ع.، و عبادی نیا، ف. (1393). نقش شبکۀ ریلی درون شهری در چشم انداز بوم شناختی و اقتصادی حمل‌و‌نقل شهر مشهد. نشریه جغرافیا و توسعه فضای شهری، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، 1(2)، 117-128
3. قربانی، ر.، و ترکمن نیا، ن. (1394)، بررسی تطبیقی نقش کاربری ترکیبی بر تولید سفر در محلات شهری (محله چهنو و کارمندان منطقه 6 مشهد). نشریه جغرافیا و توسعه فضای شهری، 1(2)، 81-92.
4. معاونت حمل‌و‌نقل شهرداری اصفهان. (1397). گزارش ارزیابی طرح توسعه مترو اصفهان، گزارش سالیانه شهرداری اصفهان. اصفهان: شهرداری اصفهان.
5. معاونت حمل‌و‌نقل شهرداری اصفهان. (1399). ارزیابی عملکرد خطوط مترو اصفهان، گزارش سالیانه شهرداری اصفهان. اصفهان: شهرداری اصفهان.
6. معاونت برنامه‌ریزی و توسعه منابع انسانی. (1400). بازنگری در طرح‌های حمل‌و‌نقل محور، گزارش سالیانه شهرداری اصفهان. اصفهان: شهرداری اصفهان.

 

7. Calthorpe, P. (1993). The next American metropolis: Ecology, community and the American dream. New York: Princeton Architectural Press,.
8. Carlton, I. (2009). Histories of transit-oriented development: perspectives on the development of the TOD concept. Berkeley: University of California.
9. Cervero, R. (1993). Transit-Supportive Development in the United States: Experiences and Prospects. University of California at Berkeley, (7), 234-294
10. Cervero, K. K. (1997). Travel demand and the 3Ds: density, diversity, and design, Transport. Transport Environment journal, (2),199-219.
11. Chen, M., Yazdani, M., Mojtahedi, S., & Newton, s. (2019). The impact on neighbourhood residential property valuations of a newly proposed public transport project: The Sydney Northwest Metro case study Transp. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, (3), 100070.
12. Ewing, R., & Cervero, R. (2010). Travel and the built environment: a meta-analysis. Journal of the American Planning Association, 76(2), 265-294.
13. Gallivan, F., Rose, E., Ewing, R., Hamidi, & S., Brown, T. (2015). Quantifying Transit’s Impact on GHG Emissions and Energy Use - The Land Use Component, Transit Cooperative Research Program, Report (176).
14. Handayeni, K.D.M.E. (2014). TOD Best Practice: Lesson Learned for GHG Mitigation on Transportation Sector in Surabaya City, Indonesia. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Science, (135), 152-158.
15. Holz-Rau, J.S. (2019). Land-use and transport planning—a field of complex cause-impact relationships. Thoughts on transport growth, greenhouse gas emissions and the built environment, Transport Policy,(74), 127-137
16. Jamme, H.T., Rodriguez, J.,  Bahl, D., &  Banerjee, T. (2019). A twenty-five-year biography of the TOD concept: from design to policy, planning, and implementation. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 39(4), 409-428.
17. Kamruzzaman, M., Baker, D., Washington, S., & Turrell, G. (2016). Determinants of residential dissonance: implications for transit-oriented development in Brisbane, International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, (10), 960-974.
18. Knowles, R.D. (1992). Light rail transport. In: Whitelegg, J. (Ed.), Traffic Congestion: Is There a Way Out? Hawes: Leading Edge Press.
19. Knowles, R.D. (2012). Transit oriented development in Copenhagen, Denmark, Ørestad. Journal of Transport Geography, 22(C), 251-261
20. Knowles, R.D., & Fiona, F. (2019). Transit Oriented Development and Sustainable Cities: Economics, Community and Methods. Oxford: Elgar pub, University of Oxford.
21. Knowles, R.D., Ferbrache, F. (2015). Evaluation of wider economic impacts of light rail investment on cities.Journal of Transport Geography, 54(C), 430-439.
22. Lang, W., Hui, E.C.M.,  Chen, T., & Li, X. (2020). Understanding livable dense urban form for social activities in transit-oriented development through human-scale measurements, Habitat International, 104.
23. Liu, L.,  Zhang, M., &  Xu, T. (2020). A conceptual framework and implementation tool for land use planning for corridor transit-oriented Cities, 107, 102939.  
24. Parker, T., & Mayer, D. (2007). California transit-oriented development (TOD) searchable database. California: California Department of Transportation.
25. Pritchard, Y. Frøyen, (2019). Location, location, relocation: how the relocation of offices from suburbs to the inner-city impacts commuting on foot and by bike. European Transport Research Review, 11(14), 1-20.
26. Purwantiasning, A., & Saeful, B. (2019). Understanding the TOD Concept of Historical Areas Through Precedent Studies. Amsterdam: International conference on advanced research in applied science and engineering.
27. Renne, J.L., Hamidi, Sh.,  & Ewing, R. (2016). Transit commuting, the network accessibility effect, and the built environment in station areas across the United States. Research in Transportation Economics, (60), 35-43
28. Stevens, M., (2017). Does compact development make people drive less? Journal of the American Planning Association, (83). 7-18
29. Van, L., Dea, K. M., & El-Geneidy, A. (2017),Talking TOD: learning about transit-oriented development in the United States, Canada, and the Netherlands. Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability, 10(1), 49-62.‌
30. Yang, J. Cao, J., &  Zhou, Y. (2021). Elaborating non-linear associations and synergies of subway access and land uses with urban vitality in Shenzhen. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, 144(C), 74-88.