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Mohammadpour, S., Hasanzade Baghi, B., Nazari, S. (2024). Evaluation of Mehr Housing Areas based on Stability Factors (Case Study: Cooperative-Built, Industry-Built and Self-Built Mehr Houses in Semnan City). , 11(3), 23-44. doi: 10.22067/jgusd.2022.77358.1211
Saber Mohammadpour; Benyamin Hasanzade Baghi; Sahar Nazari. "Evaluation of Mehr Housing Areas based on Stability Factors (Case Study: Cooperative-Built, Industry-Built and Self-Built Mehr Houses in Semnan City)". , 11, 3, 2024, 23-44. doi: 10.22067/jgusd.2022.77358.1211
Mohammadpour, S., Hasanzade Baghi, B., Nazari, S. (2024). 'Evaluation of Mehr Housing Areas based on Stability Factors (Case Study: Cooperative-Built, Industry-Built and Self-Built Mehr Houses in Semnan City)', , 11(3), pp. 23-44. doi: 10.22067/jgusd.2022.77358.1211
Mohammadpour, S., Hasanzade Baghi, B., Nazari, S. Evaluation of Mehr Housing Areas based on Stability Factors (Case Study: Cooperative-Built, Industry-Built and Self-Built Mehr Houses in Semnan City). , 2024; 11(3): 23-44. doi: 10.22067/jgusd.2022.77358.1211

Evaluation of Mehr Housing Areas based on Stability Factors (Case Study: Cooperative-Built, Industry-Built and Self-Built Mehr Houses in Semnan City)

جغرافیا و توسعه فضای شهری
Volume 11, Issue 3, December 2024, Pages 23-44    PDF (1.57 M)
Document Type: Original Article
DOI: 10.22067/jgusd.2022.77358.1211
Authors
Saber Mohammadpour* 1; Benyamin Hasanzade Baghi2; Sahar Nazari3
1Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art and Architecture, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran
2Master of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art and Architecture , University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran.
3Master of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art and Architecture, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran.
Abstract
Extended Abstract

Introduction

This research is applied and descriptive-analytical. Library and field studies were the tools with the help of which the required data were obtained. At first, library studies contributed to design a questionnaire including five criteria and 28 indicators affecting the stability of housing to evaluate the areas of Mehr Housing. The five-point Likert questionnaires were distributed among the residents of Mehr Housing in Semnan and their opinions were asked. Then, to analyze the data, SPSS software and Friedman's test was used to rank the criteria and indicators of housing stability. Smart PLS3 software and the partial least square method were also used to examine the factors influencing housing stability in the studied areas. Moreover, EXCEL was used to formulate MEREC and EDAS methods, respectively for weighting the stability factors and ranking the triple ranges of Mehr Housing. The statistical population includes all residents of Mehr housing areas (cooperative-built, industry-built and self-built). The size of the statistical sample in each area was estimated to be 120 people using Cohen's method. Totally, 360 questionnaires were randomly distributed among the residents of Mehr houses. Cronbach's alpha for the questions in the questionnaire was 0.89, which shows that the questionnaire has good reliability and validity.

Method

This research is applied and descriptive-analytical. Library and field studies were the tools with the help of which the necessary data was collected. At first, library studies helped to design a questionnaire including five criteria and 28 indicators (affecting the stability of housing) to evaluate the areas of Mehr housing. This five-point Likert questionnaire was distributed among the residents of Mehr housing in Semnan and their opinions were asked. In the next step, for analyzing the data, SPSS software and Friedman's test were used to rank the criteria and indicators of housing stability. Smart PLS3 software and the partial least square method were also used to identify the factors influencing housing stability in the studied areas. Moreover, EXCEL was used to formulate MEREC and EDAS methods, respectively, for weighting the stability factors and ranking the three areas of Mehr housing. The statistical population included all residents of Mehr housing areas (cooperative-built, industry-built, and self-built). The size of the statistical sample for each area was determined to be 120 people using Cohen's method. Therefor, 360 questionnaires were randomly distributed among the residents of Mehr houses. Cronbach's alpha for the questionnaire was 0.89, indicating suitability of the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.

Results

The results of Friedman's test showed that the "physical", "economic", "social", "biological-environmental", and "aesthetic" criteria hold the first to fifth ranks, respectively. The results showed that in the three areas of Mehr housing, the physical criterion was the most satisfactory because it met the needs of the residents well. According to the opinions of the residents, "esthetic" issues obtained lowest level of satisfaction. The reason is that design and aesthetic issues have not been considered significant in building Mehr houses.
Among the indicators, "enough vehicle parking facilities", "efficient facilities and equipment" and "cleanliness of the residential environment", respectively, received the highest rating of satisfaction among the residents. The indicators "visible views", "access to suitable green spaces" and "existence of recreational places" also received the lowest rating and satisfaction, respectively. This indicates the low level of stability of these indicators. The path coefficients of the variables in the structural equations method with the partial least squares approach showed that in all areas of Mehr housing, the "physical" and "economic" criteria are the most and least important criteria, respectively. Cooperative0built and self-built housings have similar conditions. On the other hand, in the Mehr industry-built housing, the "social" criterion has the greatest impact on housing stability. The results of the MEREC and EDAS methods showed that the Mehr self-build housing holds the highest rank in terms of stability and that these housings are relatively stable. Mehr cooperative-built housing and industry-built houses were ranked the second (low stability) and the third (non-stability).

Discussion and Conclusion

Housing is an important issue for low-income people. Moreover, housing and its stability are important for people, governments, and city officials. In the programs related to Mehr housing projects for low-income people, more attention is paid to economic affairs, and this issue has caused the residents' need for living in a desirable environment to be forgotten. Stable housing is the kind of housing that is low-cost, low-consuming, and safe, and also considers economic, social, and environmental sustainability. However, in for constructing Mehr houses only the financial power of low-income people has been taken into consideration. This study tried to review stable housing approach, to assess the physical aspect of housing, and explore other aspects of stability. The ultimate goal was to explore the success of Mehr houses from the point of view of their residents. The results showed that in terms of stability factors, the respondents were satisfied with self-built Mehr houses than other housing areas. This showed that Mehr housing project and its relative stability have been successful. On the contrary, the dissatisfactions with the cooperative-built and industry-built Mehr houses showed that the managers of Semnan should attempt to include the citizens’ opinions and their participation in urban planning. This way, the problems of the houses will be solved, because not paying attention to the economic, aesthetic, and environmental demands will result in the dissatisfaction of the residents. The results of this study will help the planners of housing and urban managers to increase the stability of the residential environment of Mahr houses and meet the needs of the residents to increase their satisfaction. The final goal can be to avoid past mistakes in the implementation of such plans.
Keywords
Keywords: Mehr Housing; Stability; Semnan; MEREC Method; EDAS Method
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