شیمی‌ کانی ها، دما- فشارسنجی، زمین شیمی و جایگاه زمین‌ ساختی گدازه های آندزیتی ترشیری منطقه شورستان (غرب سربیشه)، خراسان جنوبی

زمین شناسی اقتصادی

دوره 14، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 35، دی 1401، صفحه 175-213   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/econg.2023.80746.1065

نویسندگان

سید سعید محمدی^{* 1}؛ سون لین چانگ²؛ ملیحه نخعی³؛ آرش اسلامی پناه⁴

¹استاد، گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

²استاد، انستیتو علوم زمین، آکادمیا سینیکا، تایپه، تایوان؛ استاد، دپارتمان علوم زمین، دانشگاه ملی تایوان، تایپه، تایوان

³استادیار، گروه مهندسی معدن، دانشکده عمران، معدن و شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

⁴کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

چکیده

در منطقه شورستان در 14 کیلومتری غرب شهرستان سربیشه در استان خراسان جنوبی، سنگ­ های آتشفشانی با ترکیب پیروکسن­ آندزیت متعلق به ائوسن- الیگوسن برون‌زد دارند. کانی­ های سازنده این سنگ­ ها شامل پلاژیوکلاز و پیروکسن هستند. گستره ترکیبی پلاژیوکلازها بینAb₃₂ ، An₆₈ تا Ab₅₈،  An₄₂ تغییر کرده و از نوع آندزین تا لابرادوریت هستند. کلینوپیروکسن­ و ارتوپیروکسن­ به ترتیب دارای ترکیب اوژیت متمایل به دیوپسید و انستاتیت هستند. دمای تشکیل کلینوپیروکسن ­ها و ارتوپیروکسن ­های مورد بررسی، به ترتیب حدود 1175 و 1200 درجه سانتی­ گراد و فشار در زمان تبلور آنها (هر دو نوع) 2 تا 5 کیلوبار تعیین‌شد. داده­ های زمین‌شیمیایی سنگ کل نشان می ­دهد که گدازه ­های آندزیتی شورستان دارای ماهیت کالک­آلکالن پتاسیم بالا بوده و میزان Mg# در آنها از 97/40 تا 97/60 متغیر است که بیانگر نقش اجزای گوشته­ در تشکیل آنهاست. این سنگ­ ها نشانه­ های تفریق شامل نسبت LREE/HREE  (_N(La/Yb)) بین 95/9 تا 42/12،LREE/MREE  (_N(La/Sm)) بین 53/3 تا 55/6 و نسبتMREE/HREE  (_N(Sm/Yb)) بین 89/1 تا 99/2 را نشان می ­دهند. نسبت ­های بالای Zr/Nb (22/9 تا 10/81)،Th/Nb (1/0 تا 79/68)، Th/Ta (7 تا 29/24) وNb/Ta  (15/9 تا 66/69) همراه الگوی عناصرLIL ، احتمال درجات مختلف آلودگی- هضم پوسته ­ای ماگما در هنگام صعود به سطح زمین را تقویت می­ کند. سنگ ­های بررسی‌­شده دارای نسبت ­های پایین Ce/Y(3/2 تا 48/44)، _N(Tb/Yb) (1/1 تا 39/17)، Sm/Yb (2/1 تا 78/92) و الگوی نسبتاً تختMREE-HREE  هستند که ذوب گوشته لیتوسفری زیرقاره ­ای در قلمرو پایداری اسپینل و در عمق کمتر از 75 کیلومتر را تأیید می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پیروکسن‌ آندزیت؛ دما-فشارسنجی؛ اسپینل‌ لرزولیت؛ گوشته لیتوسفری؛ شورستان؛ حاشیه فعال قاره‌ای؛ لوت

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