کانی‌ زایی REE-Y-Ti-Th در دگرنهادی‌ های آلبیت‌ دار و ریولیت‌ های دگرنهادی میزبان کانسار مگنتیت- آپاتیت چغارت، ایران مرکزی: تأثیرات متقابل شورابه‌ های تبخیری، سیالات گرمابی-‎ ماگمایی

زمین شناسی اقتصادی

دوره 15، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 37، شهریور 1402، صفحه 1-56   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/econg.2023.80748.1066

نویسندگان

کیامرث حسینی^{* 1}؛ رقیه ذبیحی خرق²؛ محمد حسین مرادیان بافقی³

¹دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران، تهران، ایران

²کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران؛ مرکز تحقیقات و فرآوری مواد معدنی ایران، تهران، ایران

³کارشناسی ارشد، شرکت سنگ آهن مرکزی ایران، بافق، یزد، ایران

چکیده

بررسی‌های ماکروسکوپی، میکروسکوپی و زمین‌شیمیایی انجام‌شده بر روی دگرنهادی‌‌های آلبیت‌دار و ریولیت‌های دگرنهادی میزبان کانسار مگنتیت- آپاتیت چغارت بیانگر سه نسل آلبیت، همراه با غلظت متفاوت REE-Y-Ti-Th، در پاسخ به کاهش فشار و دما و تغییرات احتمالی در شیمی سیالات و نسبت سیال به سنگ است. بررسی‌های زمین‌شیمیایی نشان می‎دهد در سیالات با محتوای پایین Ca/Na کانی‌زایی‌های REE و Th دارای مقادیر ناچیز است (آلبیت ‎های سفید نسل اول). در سیالات با نسبت متوسط Ca/Na کانی‌زایی REE (REE>TH) رخ می‎ دهد (آلبیت‎ های صورتی)؛ در حالی‌که در سیالات با نسبت بالای Ca/Na کانی‌زایی Th (Th>REE) رخ می‎ دهد (آلبیت‎ های قرمز گوشتی). بررسی‌های ایزوتوپ‌های پایدار اکسیژن-کربن بر روی کلسیت‌های هم‌یافت با آلبیت‌ها نشان‌دهنده کانی‌زایی REE-Y-Ti-Th تحت‌تأثیر سیالات گرمابی دما بالاست. از طرفی بررسی ‎های ایزوتوپ‌های پایدار O-H در آپاتیت‌های نسل اول کانسار چغارت و ایزوتوپ پایدار گوگرد در کانسار‎های ناحیه بافق بیانگر نقش شورابه‌های تبخیری و برهم‌کنش سیال و سنگ در کانی‎ زایی است. وجود کلسیت، تیتانیت، همراه با آمفیبول‎ های کلسیک و کلینوپیروکسن و ادخال‎ های کلسیم در ساختار توریت و همچنین محتوای کلسیم در توریت‌ها بیانگر ته‌نشست توریت از سیالات حاوی Ca²⁺ و CO₃^2- تحت‌تأثیر اکتیویته پایین کلر است. بنابراین حضور کلسیت همراه با توریت و تیتانیت در زون‎های کانی‎ زایی REE-Y-Ti-Th نشان می‎ دهد کمپلکس ‎های کربناته مهم ‎ترین کمپلکس‎ ها در سیالات آلکالن هستند. از طرفی افزایش pH در نتیجه آزاد شدن  CO₂از سیالات گرمابی سبب افزایش محتوای سیلیس در سیال به صورت اسید سیلیسیک می‎ شود و در نتیجه، Th به صورت سیلیکات توریم نهشته می‎ شود. بنابر شواهد موجود، منشأ سیالات دگرنهادی به طور عمده از نوع شورابه ‎های تبخیری با مقادیر اندکی از سیالات با منشأ ماگمایی است و کانی‎ زایی در اثر برهم‌کنش سیالات ماگمایی و گرمابی حاصل از توده‌های نفوذی با شورابه‎ های تبخیری مشتق شده از توالی ‎های اواخر نئوپروتروزوئیک-کامبرین زیرین است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کانی‎ زایی REE-Y-Ti-Th؛ دگرنهادی؛ شورابه‎ های تبخیری و سیالات گرمابی؛ کانسار چغارت؛ ایران مرکزی

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