مطالعه پدیده گرفتگی در شفاف‌سازی غشایی آب سیب به کمک سامانه غشایی سطح تراش

مجله پژوهشهای علوم و صنایع غذایی ایران

مقاله 11، دوره 19، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 83، آذر و دی 1402، صفحه 723-743   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ifstrj.2023.79693.1217

نویسندگان

سیما یساری¹؛ حسین میرسعیدقاضی^{* 2}؛ لیلا روزبه نصیرایی¹؛ علی فدوی²

¹گروه علوم و مهندسی صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد نور، نور، ایران

²گروه فناوری صنایع غذایی، دانشکده فناوری کشاورزی (ابوریحان)، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت، ایران

چکیده

 شفاف‌سازی آب میوه جهت بهبود خواص فیزیکوشیمیایی و بازارپسندی مهم است. به دلیل مصرف بالای انرژی، زمان‌بر بودن، تخریب ترکیبات حساس به حرارت و کاهش ارزش تغذیه­ای در روش‌های سنتی، امروزه برای شفاف‌سازی آب میوه فرآیند‌های غشایی به کار گرفته شده است. یکی از مشکلات مهم فرآیندهای غشایی، کاهش شار تراوه ناشی از قطبش غلظتی و گرفتگی غشا می­باشد. در این مطالعه، یک روش مکانیکی جدید برای ایجاد تلاطم در جریان به‌منظور کاهش اثرات نامطلوب قطبش غلظتی و گرفتگی غشا ایجاد شد. بدین منظور، از غشا اولترافیلتر با جنس پلی‌اتر سولفون (PES[1]) و حد وزن مولکولی (MWCO[2]) 4 کیلو دالتون درون سامانه غشایی با تیغه‌های تراشنده سطح جهت شفاف‌سازی آب سیب استفاده شد. اثر پارامترهای عملیاتی شامل سرعت دوران تیغه­ها (0، 600، 1400 و 2200 دور بر دقیقه)، فشار (TMP[3]) (5/0، 1 و 5/1 بار)، سرعت جریان[4](FFR) (10، 15 و 20 میلی­لیتر بر ثانیه) و فاصله تیغه از سطح غشاء (2 و 5 میلی­متر) بر فاکتور غلظت حجمی (VCF[5])، مقاومت گرفتگی، زمان وقوع هر کدام از مکانیسم‌های گرفتگی و مورفولوژی لایه کیک بررسی شد. طبق نتایج انجام فرایند در فشار 5/0، سرعت جریان 10 میلی‌لیتر بر ثانیه، سرعت دوران تیغه‌ها 600 دور بر دقیقه و فاصله 2 میلی‌متری تیغه‌ها از سطح غشا بهترین تأثیر را بر VCF و کاهش گرفتگی داشت. مکانسیم اصلی گرفتگی در فرآیند، تشکیل لایه کیک بود. چرخش تیغه‌ها شدت تشکیل لایه کیک و ضخامت آن بر سطح غشا را کاهش داده و منجر به افزایش سهم گرفتگی استاندارد شد.
 
[1]- Polyether sulfone
[2]- Molecular weight cut off
[3]- Trans membrane pressure
[4]- Feed flow rate
[5]- Volumetric concentration factor

کلیدواژه‌ها

آب سیب؛ شفاف‌سازی غشایی؛ سامانه سطح تراش؛ قطبش غلظتی؛ گرفتگی؛ فاکتور غلظت حجمی

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