Seismic Hazard Assessment of Badakhshan Region (Northeast Afghanistan)

جغرافیا و مخاطرات محیطی

Article 7, Volume 13, Issue 1 - Serial Number 49, February 2024, Pages 133-150   

Document Type: Research Article

DOI: 10.22067/geoeh.2023.79118.1287

Authors

Khadijeh Mohammadi¹; Ebrahim Moghimi²; Mehdi Zare³; Mojtaba Yamani^{* 4}; Masoud Mojarab⁵

¹Ph.D in Geomorphological Hazards, Geography Colleg, University Of Tehran, Iran

²Professor of Physical Geography,Geomorphology, Geography Colleg, University of Tehran, Iran

³Professor of Eng Seismology IIEES, Tehran, Iran

⁴Professor in Geomorphology, Geography Colleg, University of Tehran, Iran.

⁵Assistant Professor, School of Mining Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Badakhshan region, located in the northeast of Afghanistan, has a complex geology. A catalog from 2011-2021 was prepared using the data of the Middle Asia seismic catalog with updates (1909-2011) from the website of the American Geological Survey. Considering the last earthquake with a magnitude of 7.2 in 2015, the coefficients of b were calculated to the maximum value of 1.0 and the value of 7.9 on the surface and in the depth, the increase in the numerical values of a and b in the central half has been completely evident. The results indicated that the current trend is opposite to the direction of the main fault in North Badakhshan (north-south direction). The most frequent earthquakes M≥4 occurs at a depth of 150-70 km, earthquakes M≥5 at a depth of 150-300 km, and earthquakes ≥6 at a depth of 150-300 km occur in the east-west direction. This area is exactly where the Pamir Corridor plate meets the center of Badakhshan. This shows that at the end of the Pamir Corridor from east to west, ruptures are being created at depths of 0-150 km. Two east-west and east-south trends are evident. Regarding the shallow earthquakes related to the upper 50 km of the crust, the dominant mechanism is of the normal type, which indicates the stretching of the crust in this section. According to the deep mechanism of earthquakes, the direction of the tensile force is in the east-west direction. This issue further confirms the issue of continental collision and then subduction towards the south of Badakhshan. The innovation of this research is the identification of seismic trends that have rarely been researched in the studied area, and its application is identifying high-risk areas for construction.

Keywords

Hindu Kush; Morphotectonic; Fault; Badakhshan; Afghanistan

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