In search of naturalism in Sadegh Chubak's works by reading the Experimental Novel

پژوهش های زبان و ترجمه فرانسه

Article 9, Volume 5, Issue 2 - Serial Number 9, March 2023   

Document Type: Original Article

DOI: 10.22067/rltf.2023.82001.1082

Author

Sadi Jafari Kardgar^*

Department of French, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

 The analysis of the criticisms made on Sadegh Chubak's works shows a kind of disagreement in his attribution to naturalism. Some classify him a naturalist, while others consider him original and innovative. A noteworthy point in the analyses of these critics is the absence of a precise and documented definition of naturalism and its principles. Due to the existence of various opinions, not only the reader of these criticisms will not get a clear understanding of naturalism but also doubts about the application of the naturalist etiquette for Chubak. In order to resolve the mentioned ambiguities, we decided to emphasize the principles of this literary school based on the theories of Emile Zola in the manifest of the naturalism and experimental novel to be able to study the influence of Zola on Chubak. First, the concepts “experimental novel", "experimental method", "novelist", "determinism" and "style" were explained. Then, the methodology, concepts, characters and style of Zola and Chubak were compared. The results showed that, apparently the manifest of French naturalism has not received much attention and use by Iranian critics. The reason may be the diverse and sometimes vague insufficient perceptions of this school. The obvious differences between the two writers can be seen in such issues as methodology, concepts, characters, and even style. Based on the principles presented in experimental novel, Sadegh Chubak is more original than naturalist. 

Keywords

Sadegh Chubak"; Emile Zola"; Naturalism"; Experimental novel"; Manifest of naturalism"; "; Determinism"

References