اثر زغال زیستی اصلاح شده اسیدی بر برخی شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی و فراهمی عناصر کم‌مصرف در گیاه کینوا (رقم گیزوان) در یک خاک آهکی

آب و خاک

مقاله 7، دوره 37، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 90، مهر و آبان 1402، صفحه 589-602   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.2023.82277.1281

نویسندگان

مهری بزی عبدلی¹؛ مجتبی بارانی مطلق^{* 2}؛ امیر بستانی³؛ طالب نظری²

¹گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابغ طبیعی گرگان

²دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

³دانشگاه شاهد

چکیده

یکی از راه­های بهبود ویژگی شیمیایی و حاصلخیزی خاک­های آهکی، کاربرد مواد آلی از جملـه زغال زیستی تولید شده از ضایعات آلی است. اما زغال­های زیستی عمدتاً دارای pH قلیایی بوده و کاربرد مقادیر زیاد آنها می­تواند کمبود برخی عناصر غذایی را برای گیاه در خاک­های آهکی تشدید کند. اصلاح زغال زیستی با اسیدها باعث افزایش در دسترس بودن عناصر غذایی گیاهان در خاک‌های آهکی می‌شود. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی اثر زغال زیستی اصلاح شده با اسید از کاه برنج بر مقدارکلروفیل و غلظت عناصرکم مصرف گیاه کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa) (رقم گیزاوان) در یک خاک آهکی بود. به همین منظور آزمایشی در شرایط گلخانه­ای به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در 4 تکرار به ‌صورت گلدانی اجرا شد. فاکتورها شامل 3 نوع زغال زیستی (اصلاح نشده، اصلاح شده با روش پیش اسیدی و اصلاح شده با روش پس اسیدی) و مقادیر مختلف مصرف زغال زیستی (0، 2 و 5 درصد وزنی) و در مجموع 36 گلدان بودند. مقایسه میانگین اثر تیمارهای مورد بررسی نشان داد با افزایش مقدار مصرف هر سه نوع زغال زیستی مقدار کلروفیل a، b، کل و کارتنوئید افزایش یافت به نحوی که بیشترین مقدار کلروفیل a، b، کل و کارتنوئید به ترتیب با میانگین 58/2، 54/1، 13/4 و 36/1 میلی­گرم بر گرم وزن تازه گیاه از تیمار 5 درصد زغال زیستی پس اسیدی بدست آمد. همچنین بیشترین غلظت آهن، روی، مس و منگنز در اندام هوایی به‌ترتیب با میانگین 48/229، 42/13، 85/3 و 37/23 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم مربوط به تیمار 5 درصد زغال زیستی پس­اسیدی بود که نسبت به تیمار 5 درصد زغال زیستی پیش اسیدی به‌ترتیب افزایشی معادل 08/4، 24/13، 44/7 و 76/30 درصد داشت. به طور کلی نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد کاربرد زغال زیستی اسیدی (پس اسیدی) می­تواند به­عنـوان روشـی مناسب برای ارتقاء حاصـلخیزی و فراهمی عناصر کم مصرف در خـاک­های آهکی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

زغال زیستی پس اسیدی؛ کارتنوئید؛ کلروفیل

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