تکنیک پلاسمای سرد در کنترل آلودگی و بهبود فرآیندهای فیزیولوژیکی غلات (مروری)

ماشین های کشاورزی

مقاله 14، دوره 14، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 31، فروردین 1403، صفحه 83-104   

نوع مقاله: مقاله مروری لاتین

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jam.2023.84647.1193

نویسندگان

مریم پورباقر¹؛ رقیه پورباقر²؛ محمد حسین عباسپورفرد^{* 2}

¹گروه مهندسی، دانشکده مهندسی کامپیوتر، موسسه آموزش عالی گلستان، گرگان، ایران

²گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

امروزه تقریباً نیمی از کل نیازهای غذایی انسان به‌ویژه در آسیا مستقیماً از غلات تأمین می‌شود و نزدیک به 70 درصد از سطح زیرکشت جهان که یک میلیارد هکتار است را غلات اشغال می‌کنند. بنابراین یافتن روش‌های غیرمخرب برای افزایش کیفیت بذر در کشاورزی و صنعت باید توسعه یابد. پلاسمای سرد روشی جدید و کارآمد در بخش کشاورزی و غذایی است که می‌توان از آن برای غیرفعال کردن میکروارگانیسم‌های سطحی و تحریک بذر استفاده کرد. این بررسی خلاصه‌ای از اثربخشی درمان با پلاسمای سرد بر ویژگی‌های چهار گیاه مهم غلات: گندم، برنج، ذرت و جو را ارائه می‌کند. تمرکز بر روی اثرات این تیمار بر روی جوانه‌زنی بذر، تغییرات خواص سطحی و جذب آب بذر، پارامترهای رشد ریشه، طول ساقه و نهال، پارامترهای زیست‌توده و فعالیت‌های متابولیکی است. با بررسی تحقیقات انجام‌شده توسط محققان مشاهده می‌شود که بذر غلات تیمارشده با پلاسمای سرد دارای قدرت جوانه‌زنی، جذب آب، طول ساقه و اندام هوایی، راندمان رشد، وزن اندام هوایی و ریشه و فعالیت متابولیکی بهتری بودند. این بررسی می‌تواند روندهای بالقوه امیدوارکننده‌ای را در استفاده از پلاسما به‌عنوان روشی برای کاهش شیوع بیماری‌های مضر گیاهی که از طریق بذر منتقل می‌شود و خواب دانه‌های سخت را کاهش دهد، ارائه دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پلاسمای سرد؛ تیمار بذر؛ دانه غلات؛ ویژگی بیولوژیکی

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