Isolation, antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes of thermophilic Campylobacter species from backyard ducks in Amol, northern Iran

Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology

مقالات آماده انتشار، پذیرفته شده، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 13 آبان 1402   

نوع مقاله: Research Article

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijvst.2023.82732.1262

نویسندگان

Hossein Gilani¹؛ Ramezan Ali Jafari^{* 2}؛ Darioush Gharibi³؛ Rahem Khoshbakht⁴؛ Forough Talazadeh²

¹DVSc Candidate of Avian Health and Diseases, Department of Livestock, Poultry and Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

²Department of Livestock, Poultry and Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

³Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

⁴Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran

چکیده

Abstract

Domestic poultry are considered as natural reservoirs for transmission of Campylobacter spp., mainly C. jejuni and C. coli, to other birds and humans. This study aimed to determine the Campylobacter infection status in backyard ducks in Iran. A total of 100 cloacal swabs were obtained from apparently healthy backyard ducks in different rural areas of Amol (a city in northern Iran). Bacterial isolation was based on traditional culture procedures, and then genus and species identification were performed using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction. All isolates were examined for antimicrobial resistance to seven antibiotics by Kirby Bauer’s disk diffusion test. The virulence-associated genes of cadF, iamA, pldA, cdtA, cdtB, cdtC, and wlaN were detected as well. Out of the 27 Campylobacter isolates recovered, 19 (70.4%) were Campylobacter coli, and 3 (11.1%) Campylobacter jejuni. The remaining five isolates (18.5%) were not identified. All (100%) isolates showed resistance to ciprofloxacin. Most isolates were resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, and nalidixic acid. The resistance rate to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and erythromycin was moderate, but that to gentamicin was relatively low. Also, over two-thirds of the isolates were multidrug-resistant. All virulence genes except iamA gene were variably detected. The cadF and pldA genes had the highest (92.6%) and lowest (7.4%,) positivity rates, respectively. In addition, a statistically significant association between Campylobacter spp. and most of the critical virulence genes was observed (p-value < 0.05). Our findings imply that backyard ducks should be paid attention to as a major source of human campylobacteriosis.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Keywords Duck؛ Campylobacter؛ antimicrobial resistance؛ virulence؛ Iran؛ food-borne disease