بررسی رفتار جذب سرب در حضور کربن‌دات: سینتیک، هم‌دما و ترمودینامیک

آب و خاک

مقاله 4، دوره 38، شماره 3، مرداد و شهریور 1403، صفحه 365-351   

نوع مقاله: مقالات پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jsw.2024.85220.1357

نویسندگان

جلال صادقی¹؛ امیر لکزیان^{* 1}؛ اکرم حلاج نیا¹؛ مینا علیخانی مقدم²

¹گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

²فارغ‌التحصیل دکتری شیمی، دانشگاه پیام نور

چکیده

استفاده از جاذب‌های مختلف به‌منظور حذف فلزات سنگین از محیط‌های آبی موضوعی است که به فراوانی در مطالعات مختلف به آن پرداخته شده است. با این وجود همچنان استفاده از جاذب‌های ارزان‌ با قابلیت جذب بالا؛ از جمله موضوعاتی است که در بحث حذف فلزات سنگین از محیط‌های آبی مطرح می‌باشد. در این مطالعه به بررسی تأثیر کربن‌دات قارچی بر سینتیک، هم‌دما و ترمودینامیک جذب سرب پرداخته شد. بدین‌صورت که پس از کشت قارچ Alternaria alternata، اگزوپلی ساکارید این قارچ استخراج و با استفاده از روش هیدروترمال و به کمک اتوکلاو با پوشش تفلون در دمای 200 درجه سلسیوس به‌مدت 24 ساعت به کربن‌دات تبدیل شد. در ادامه جذب سینتیک، هم‌دما و ترمودینامیک جذب سرب توسط این نانو جاذب بررسی شد. در این آزمایش 7 سطح غلظت سرب (100، 200، 300، 400، 500، 750 و 1000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر)، 7 زمان تماس (5، 10، 15، 20، 25، 30 و 60 دقیقه)، 8 سطح pH (2، 4، 6، 7، 8، 9، 10 و 11)، 8 غلظت نانوجاذب (50، 100، 200، 300، 400، 500، 750 و 1000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر)، 3 قدرت یونی محلول (1/0، 01/0 و 001/0 مولار کلرید پتاسیم) و 5 نوع دمای محلول (25، 30، 35، 40 و 45 درجه سلسیوس) بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که حداکثر میزان جذب سرب توسط این جاذب 59/13 میلی‌گرم بر گرم بود. از میان مدل­های سینتیک جذب انتخاب شده (شبه مرتبه اول، شبه مرتبه دوم و پخشیدگی درون ذره‌ای)، داده­ها به خوبی توسط مدل شبه مرتبه دوم با 99/0 =R² و 064/0 = RMSE توصیف شد. معادله لنگمویر بهترین برازش را برای هم‌دما جذب سرب در این مطالعه نشان داد که بیانگر جذب تک لایه‌ای و همگن سرب توسط جاذب مورد مطالعه بود. مقادیر مثبت DH° (kJ mol^-1 3/13) و DS (J mol °K^-1 34/70) نشان‌دهنده گرماگیر بودن واکنش و افزایش بی‌نظمی در سطح مشترک جامد-مایع در طول جذب سرب توسط کربن‌دات قارچی بود. مقادیر منفی DG نیز نشان­دهنده خود به خودی بودن واکنش جذب بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اگزوپلی‌ساکارید؛ جذب؛ فلز سنگین؛ نانو جاذب

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