Multilevel Governance; The Basis for the Development of Urban Diplomacy

پژوهش ‎های جغرافیای سیاسی

Article 6, Volume 9, Issue 1 - Serial Number 33, March 2024, Pages 110-130   

Document Type: مقالات علمی -پژوهشی

DOI: 10.22067/pg.2024.27105.0

Authors

Hossein Kashiri¹; Hamid Reza Shirzad^{* 2}; Garina Keshishiyan Sirki³; Hasan Khodaverdi³

¹PhD student in International Relations, Kish International Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kish Island, Iran

²Assistant Professor of Political Economy, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

³Assistant Professor of Political Economy, Department of Political Science and International Relations, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Multilevel governance is an inherently dynamic concept and refers to the violation of fixed assumptions about the essential characteristics of authoritative decision-making by governments. The reference to multi-level governance is a powerful force in evaluating the government's performance in international relations, which multi-level governance can help the internationalization of cities through mechanisms. This current forms the basis for the development of urban diplomacy. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to explain the mechanisms resulting from multi-level governance that lead to the development of urban diplomacy. The research method is qualitative and the data was collected through secondary sources. The Web of Science database was used to collect foreign articles and the articles were selected based on the search of 4 keywords and 5 criteria. After removing duplicates, 41 extraneous articles remained. The search for internal articles was conducted in the SID database based on 2 keywords and among 2 specialized groups, and 2 articles were selected. A total of 43 articles were completely studied and analyzed by content analysis method. The results showed that 21 mechanisms resulting from multi-level governance were identified, which lead to the development of urban diplomacy, including the promotion of participatory decision-making in policies, intercity networking and the emergence of transnational networks, the use of social actors in the implementation process. and concluding cross-border cooperation agreements and sisterhood agreements. These mechanisms were divided into three dimensions of governance and macro policies, international networking, and executive and operational areas, each of which includes 11, 5, and 5 mechanisms, respectively. Also, the relationship of the mechanisms of each dimension with urban diplomacy was evaluated.

Keywords

Multilevel Governance; Urban Diplomacy; Mechanism

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