اثربخشی واقعیت‌درمانی بر افزایش سرمایه روانشناختی ومولفه‌های آن و کاهش احساس تنهایی نوجوانان دختر تک والد

پژوهش های روان شناسی بالینی و مشاوره

مقاله 10، دوره 13، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 26، اسفند 1402، صفحه 161-176   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/tpccp.2024.83841.1542

نویسندگان

الهام امیریان فارسانی¹؛ مسعود غلامعلی لواسانی^{* 2}؛ حسین کشاورز افشار³

¹دانش‌آموخته دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

²دانشیارگروه روانشناسی تربیتی و مشاوره، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

³استادیار گروه روانشناسی تربیتی و مشاوره، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی واقعیت‌درمانی بر سرمایه روان‌شناختی و احساس تنهایی نوجوانان در خانواده‌های تک والدی انجام شد.

روش: روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون – پس‌آزمون و پیگیری بود. جامعه پژوهش حاضر نوجوانان دختر تک والد 16تا 18 سال که در سال 1400-1401 در مدارس شهرستان فارسان مشغول تحصیلند، تشکیل دادند. با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری در دسترس از مدارس این شهرستان، یک مدرسه انتخاب شد. سپس از 31 نفر دانش‌آموز تک والد، 20 نفر بر اساس ملاک‌های ورود به پژوهش انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه 10 نفری قرار گرفتند. ابزار پژوهش، پرسشنامه سرمایه روان‌شناختی لوتانز و همکاران (2007) و پرسشنامه احساس تنهایی راسل و همکاران (1980)، بود که توسط نوجوانان در سه مرحله تکمیل شد. آموزش واقعیت‌درمانی در هشت جلسه یک و نیم ساعتی برای گروه آزمایش برگزار شد اما گروه کنترل هیچ گونه آموزشی دریافت نکرد. داده‌های بدست آمده با استفاده از تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری مکرر مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.

یافته‌ها: یافته‌های بدست آمده حاکی از آن بود که آموزش واقعیت‌درمانی بر افزایش سرمایه روان‌شناختی و مؤلفه خودکارآمدی، امیدواری و خوش‌بینی آن و همچنینی کاهش احساس تنهایی مؤثر بوده واین تأثیر تا مرحله پیگیری پایدار مانده است. از نتایج پژوهش حاضر می‌توان جهت یاری رساندن به نوجوانان تک‌والدی در راستای افزایش سرمایه روانشناختی و کاهش احساس تنهایی آنها استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

واقعیت‌درمانی؛ سرمایه روان‌شناختی؛ احساس تنهایی؛ تک والد

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