Understanding the Expression of “Qażīya fī Wāqiʿa” and Debunking Related Doubts

فقه و اصول (Fiqh va uṣūl)

Article 3, Volume 56, Issue 2 - Serial Number 137, September 2024, Pages 57-89   

Document Type: Original Article

DOI: 10.22067/jfiqh.2022.76437.1362

Author

Mohammad Zendehdel^*

Senior Professor, Seminary of Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

One of the expressions cited in jurisprudential books for understanding and validity of hadiths is the term “Qażīya fī Wāqiʿa”, based on which the jurists consider some specific hadiths as Unathority for deriving general rulings.  A number of references are made in the works of early jurisconsults that refer to some aspects of this term. The present study, carried out using the descriptive-analytical method and through library research, will first analyze the meaning, application, and implications of “Qażīya fī Wāqiʿa”, and then debunk the errors related to the term. The components of “Qażīya fī Wāqiʿa” include the indication of a ḥadīth regarding the actions of the Maʿṣūm (infallible), the narration of action by the Maʿṣūm (infallible), the lack of intent for legalization and the narration of action, and the inability to reconcile with common understanding. The issuance of Actual Sunnah in response to a narrator’s question, and the narrator mentioning the continuation of Actual Sunnah by the Maʿṣūm (infallible) are some of the indications revealing that the Actual Sunnah was made with the intent of legalizing (Tashrīʿ) and clarifying a legal ruling.

Keywords

Qażīya fī Wāqiʿa; the Maʿṣūm (infallible)’s action; Narration of Actual Sunnah; General legal ruling

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