بررسی اقتصادی پیامدهای زیست‌محیطی تولید آب‌میوه: مطالعه موردی آب انار

ماشین های کشاورزی

مقاله 2، دوره 14، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 34، دی 1403، صفحه 367-387   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/jam.2023.82678.1170

نویسندگان

لیلا بهروزنیا¹؛ مهدی خجسته پور^{* 2}؛ هما حسین‌زاده بندبافها³

¹دانشجوی دکتری، مهندسی مکانیزاسیون، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

²گروه مهندسی بیوسیستم، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

³گروه مهندسی ماشین‌های کشاورزی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

بارهای زیست‌محیطی ناشی از تولید و خدمات مختلف به‌نوبه خود منجر به بروز هزینه‌هایی می‌شوند که اگرچه در حسابداری‌ها مورد توجه قرار نمی‌گیرند، به جامعه تحمیل شده و اصول توسعه پایدار در تولید و خدمات را به چالش می‌کشند. با توجه به این حقیقت، هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی هزینه‌های تحمیل‌شده ناشی از بارهای زیست‌محیطی در چرخه زندگی تولید آب‌میوه انار است. هزینه‌های مورد بررسی در این پژوهش، هزینه‌های اجتماعی نشر کربن، هزینه خسارت به کیفیت هوا و هزینه‌های پیش‌گیرانه زیست‌محیطی در نظر گرفته‌ شده‌اند. در این راستا، شرکت سامان بازار رضوی در مشهد به‌عنوان مطالعه موردی انتخاب و بارهای زیست‌محیطی مربوط به تولید آب‌میوه انار، با استفاده از رویکرد ارزیابی چرخه زندگی محاسبه شد. متعاقباً هزینه‌های ناشی از بارهای زیست‌محیطی تولید آب‌میوه انار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج میزان هزینه اجتماعی نشر کربن، هزینه کل خسارت به هوا و هزینه‌های پیش‌گیرانه زیست‌محیطی به ازای تولید آب‌میوه پاکتی 160 گرمی را به‌ترتیب برابر 0.0062، 0.021 و 0.026 دلار نشان داد. این پژوهش مهم‌ترین عوامل مؤثر بر ایجاد هزینه‌های مربوط به بارهای زیست‌محیطی ناشی از تولید آب‌میوه انار را گاز طبیعی و الکتریسیته معرفی و توصیه به استفاده از جایگزین‌های پایدارتری برای این نهاده‌ها نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آب انار؛ ارزیابی چرخه زندگی؛ اثرهای زیست‌محیطی؛ هزینه‌های زیست‌محیطی

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