بررسی عملکرد و صفات فیزیولوژیکی دو رقم لوبیا قرمز (Phaseolus vulgaris) تحت تأثیر عامل‌های مدیریتی و ژنوتیپی

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

دوره 15، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 30، دی 1403، صفحه 159-177   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.2024.84287.1065

نویسندگان

طاهره رحمانی¹؛ ماشااله دانشور^{* 1}؛ امیدعلی اکبرپور¹؛ مجید شریفی‌پور²

¹گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران

²گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

چکیده

آزمایش مزرعه‌ای به‌‌صورت اسپلیت‌پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال‌های 98-1397 و 99-1398 در الیگودرز اجرا شد. عامل­‌های آزمایش شامل آبیاری (جوی و پشته‌ای و قطره‌ای) در کرت‌های اصلی و تلفیق رقم (اختر و یاقوت) و کود (1- NPK بر اساس نتایج آزمون خاک 2- ترکیب کودهای زیستی- شیمیایی 3- نیتروژن خالص به‌میزان 30 کیلوگرم در هکتار در هر یک از مراحل سه و پنج برگچه­ای رشد) در کرت‌های فرعی قرار گرفتند. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل صفات نشان داد، بیش­ترین و کم­ترین کارایی انتقال مجدد ماده خشک (به­‌ترتیب 22 و 9 درصد) از رقم یاقوت با کاربرد NPK سال 1398 و از رقم اختر با کاربرد کودهای زیستی- شیمیایی سال 1399 حاصل گردید. رقم یاقوت با کاربرد NPK بیش­ترین سهم عملکرد دانه از انتقال مجدد ماده خشک را در هر یک از دو سال آزمایش (69/39 و 3/34 درصد به‌­ترتیب در سال‌های 1398 و 1399) به خود اختصاص داد. بالاترین سهم عملکرد دانه از فتوسنتز جاری به رقم یاقوت با کاربرد کودهای زیستی- شیمیایی در هر دو سال آزمایش (6/76 درصد) تعلق گرفت. بیش­ترین میزان ظرفیت تجمع مواد فتوسنتزی در رقم یاقوت تحت آبیاری قطره‌ای (584/330 میلی‌گرم) حاصل شد. دو پارامتر سهم عملکرد دانه از فتوسنتز جاری و ظرفیت تجمع مواد فتوسنتزی به‌دلیل همبستگی بسیار بالا (به­‌ترتیب 66/0 و 99/0 درصد) بیش­ترین نقش را در افزایش عملکرد دانه داشتند. در نهایت، نتایج نشان داد که تلفیق سه جانبه رقم یاقوت، ترکیب کودهای زیستی- شیمیایی و آبیاری قطره‌ای به‌­دلیل حصول بیش­ترین عملکرد دانه در لوبیا برترین تیمار بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آبیاری؛ رابطه منبع- مخزن؛ صفات فیزیولوژیکی؛ کود؛ لوبیا

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