اثر طول دوره رشد بر ارقام باقلا (Vicia faba L.) با روش‌های مرسوم و چندمتغیره و ارزیابی حسی کیفیت دانه تر

پژوهش‌های حبوبات ایران

دوره 15، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 30، دی 1403، صفحه 279-300   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22067/ijpr.2024.86972.1084

نویسندگان

آرمان کاظمی¹؛ پیمان شریفی^{* 1}؛ نسیبه نظام‌دوست²

¹گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران

²گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

هدف از تعیین تاریخ کاشت، یافتن محدوده‌ای از زمان است که در آن، ضمن استفاده از عوامل مساعد محیطی برای سبز شدن و استقرار و رشد رویشی، مراحل نمو گیاه با شرایط نامساعد محیطی نیز برخورد نکند. ازاین‌رو، برای شناسایی رقم مناسب در استان گیلان، تحقیق حاضر در شهرستان صومعه‌سرا اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی، تاریخ کاشت (20 آبان، 20 آذر، 20 دی و 20 بهمن) و فاکتور فرعی ارقام باقلا (Vicia faba L.) (توده بومی گیلان، برکت، فیض، شادان و مهتا) بودند. بیشترین عملکرد دانه (65/431 گرم در مترمربع)، از رقم شادان در تاریخ کاشت 20 آبان به‌دست آمد. GGE بای‌پلات نشان داد که در تاریخ‌های مختلف کاشت، ارقام برکت، فیض و شادان، بیشترین و رقم مهتا و توده بومی گیلان، کمترین عملکرد دانه را داشتند و رقم فیض و توده بومی گیلان دارای ثبات عملکرد بیشتری بودند. رگرسیون کمترین مربعات جزئی نشان داد که ارقام مهتا، شادان و برکت بیشتر تحت تأثیر عوامل دمایی در آخر فصل رشد و رقم فیض و توده بومی گیلان بیشتر تحت تأثیر عوامل دمایی در ابتدای فصل رشد و همچنین میزان بارندگی و تبخیر در کل دوره رشد بودند. در مجموع، با توجه به عملکرد بالاتر رقم فیض نسبت به توده بومی گیلان (به‌عنوان رقم رایج در منطقه) و همچنین برتری آن در ارزیابی‌ حسی، این رقم می‌تواند به‌عنوان جایگزینی برای توده بومی باقلا در استان گیلان در نظر گرفته شود. همچنین در صورت تأخیر در کاشت، رقم فیض با توجه به عملکرد بالاتر و ثبات بیشتر، نسبت به ارقام دیگر قابل توصیه‌تر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پنل‌ حسی؛ تأخیر در کاشت؛ رگرسیون کمترین مربعات جزئی؛ عملکرد؛ GGEبای‌پلات

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