| There are almost more than 300 transboundary river basins in the world, which are sometimes the cause of conflict. Therefore, solving the conflicts of these rivers is important not only for the economy but also for maintaining stability and peace between countries. In general, the three factors of demand, source and structure have an effect on the formation, consistency and continuity of water conflicts at the international level, either directly or indirectly. The findings show that many factors, including political factors (tension in regional relations, state-oriented governance, lack of border determination, high levels of corruption, undemocratic governments); economic factors (reliance on water-intensive industries, significant reliance on agriculture); social factors (social inequality, demographic characteristics); And environmental factors (arid and semi-arid climatic conditions, lack of fresh water resources and climate changes) affect the formation and continuation of conflicts between the countries of the Central Asian region. Also, the competition of great powers in the countries of Central Asia has ended to some extent in favor of the relative expansion of infrastructure, but at the cost of destruction and damage to water resources, and the effect of geopolitical developments in this region on water resources is more prominent. As a result, it seems that the structural factors, the shape and characteristics of the actors, the evident institutional weakness in the region have had the greatest impact on the management of water resources. Therefore, diplomacy using strengthening regional cooperation as a result of creating strong and efficient institutions for the joint management of water resources; Development and formulation of comprehensive and sustainable agreements on the sharing of water resources; And the use of new technologies can help the countries of the region in the optimal management of water resources. |
