The Jurisprudential Principle of Necessity of Establishing Family Rules based on “Good Custom” (Maʿrūf)

فقه و اصول (Fiqh va uṣūl)

Article 1, Volume 56, Issue 3 - Serial Number 138, November 2024, Pages 11-38   

Document Type: Original Article

DOI: 10.22067/jfiqh.2023.78371.1428

Author

Bibi Rahimeh Ebrahimi^*

Assistant Professor, Department of Fiqh and Law, Faculty of Humanities, Shahid Motahari University (Women’s Campus, Mashhad)

Abstract

In the attempt to clarify Islamic rulings, rights, and responsibilities of spouses, the best approach is to determine the fundamental principles and rules. This will enable us to solving many of the conflicts and issue rulings for emerging recent problems. According to the verses of the Quran, especially the holy verse of “Lahunna mithlu al-ladhī ʿalayhinna bi-l-maʿrūf”, God has provided Muslims with the criterion of “good custom” (Maʿrūf), so that they can establish necessary rules accordingly.  “Good customs” as a term in the context of family corresponds to four elements: “reason”, “law”, “ethics”, and “custom”. The element of custom alone is sufficient if it does not face serious opposition from other elements. The present study employs the descriptive-analytical method and the documentary approach. In doing so, after a close analysis of the meaning of the term “good custom” and uncovering its terminological meaning in the field of family, the study elucidates the contents of the principle, its documentations, its scope, and the normative or personal nature of the criterion of good custom (Maʿrūf).

Keywords

jurisprudential principle; the definition of “good custom” (Maʿrūf); the criterion of “good custom” (Maʿrūf); family rules

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